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Biology Vocab Quiz

Mrs. Neylon's quiz 1/21/20

TermDefinition
Cell The smallest unit of life in the human body, and is required for life.
Metabolism A process in the human body used to generate energy
Homeostasis Ability to maintain a stable internal environment
Stimuli Response to something externally
Evolution Advancing and developing from the past
Reproduction Creating something that is identical to the previous organism and is continuously repeated
Organelle Parts of the cell that work together to make the cell survive
Organism Living thing
Unicellular Organisms that only have one cell that carries all of the burdens
Mulitcellular Organisms that has lots of cell
Eukaryotes Cells that are more complex and evolved from past cells
Prokaryotic Cells that are less complex and is more vulnerable to the world
Structure Arrangement of parts to make something complex
Function What the cell does and how it lives
Plasma Membrane External boundary of a cell
Nucleus Part of a cell that controls the activity
Doxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Genetic material that makes cell more unique and is passed down through generations
Ribosomes Organelle that produces proteins
Cytoplasm Material that holds all of the organelles in place within the cell
Cell Wall Layer around the plasma membrane in plants cells, since the organism doesn't have protection like animal skin
Chloroplast Organelle in the plant cell that is needed for photosynthesis
Chlorophyll A green pigment in the Chloroplast that consumes that sun's energy
*cilia Microscopic hairs that allow movement
*flagella String attached to some cells to allow them to swim
Polymer Large molecule made up of lots of tiny molecules
Protein Long chains of amino acids bonded together to make a compound essential for body tissue development
Monomer Single molecule boded to others to make a long chain
Macro-molecule Molecule containing a lot of different types of atoms
Carbohydrate Molecules that make starches and sugars
Lipid Natural oils that make fats
Amino Acid Simple organic compound that make proteins
Nucleic Acid Complex compound that contains DNA and RNA
Enzyme Substance produced by a living organism that performs certain chemical reactions
**nucleotide Monomer of Nucleic acid
Vacuole Organelle that stores water
Semi-permeable Means that the plasma membrane is able to let some things enter and others not
Phospholipid Molecules that make up the phospholipid bilayer
Phospholipid bilayer Barrier around the cell
Hydrophilic Part of the phospholipid that is water-loving
Hydrophobic Part of the phospholipid that is water-hating
*amphipathic Molecule that is both hydro phobic and philic
Osmosis When the water passes through to dilute the solute
Diffusion When materials pass through the plasma membrane to reach equilibrium
Organ System Group of organs that work together as a system in order to perform one or more functions for the organism
Organ Part of an organism that has a vital importance that makes up systems in the human body
Tissue Distinct types of materials that organisms are made out of
Products The products in chemistry are the components that are given off as a result of the reactants.
Reactants Reactants in chemistry are the components that are required to make a process function.
Glucose Glucose is the sugar that provides energy for plant cells and is a reactant for cellular respiration.
ATP Adenosine Triphosphate is the energy that cells need, aka ATP.
Heterotroph An organism that needs its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.
Autotroph Living organisms that are able to live off of other substances like carbon dioxide.
Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration is the process that cells endure to get ATP energy and live.
Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is the process of how plants make their own food and energy.
Active transport Active transport is when molecules pass through the plasma membrane, but requires ATP energy to help it.
Passive transport Passive transport is when molecules pass through the plasma membrane.
Hypertonic Hypertonic means that there is more solute than solvent.
Hypotonic Hypotonic means that area has a higher concentration of solvent than solute.
Isotonic Isotonic means that the two areas have the equal or same concentration.
Concentration Gradient Concentration Gradient is the way molecules flow from high to low.
Equilibrium Equilibrium happens when the same amount of molecules and all parts of the cell is the same.
Solute The solute is the material that is not the water.
Solvent The part of the solution that is trying to dilute the solute.
Solution Solution is the particle during diffusion that is not the water/liquid
Created by: greatwaytostudy
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