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Unit 3 vocab,Alex C
Plate Tectonics
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Asthenosphere | the upper layer of the earth's mantle that's under the lithosphere |
Subduction | two plates colliding then the denser plate descends below the less dense plate |
Seafloor spreading | theory that explains how new oceanic crust is formed at ocean ridges |
Mantle convection | |
Ridge Push | the weight of the uplifted ridge to push the oceanic plate toward the trench formed at the subduction zone |
Slab pull | the weight of the relatively cool dense subtucting plate pulls the trailing slab into the subduction |
Lava | magma that flows out the earth's surface |
Magma | molten rock below the earth's surface |
Tectonic plate | huge pieces of crust and the upper mantle that fit tpgether to cover earth's surface |
Theory of continental drift | theory that states earth's continents have been joined as a single land mass to make supercontinent named pangea |
Convergent boundary | regions where two tectonic plates moving toward each other |
Divergent boundary | regions where two tectonic plates are moving apart |
Hot spot | hot regions or earth's mantle where hot plumes of magma rises to the surface |
Epicenter | point of earth's surface directly above the focus |
Focus | point of failure where the waves of the earthquake originate from |
Pangea | all of earth's continents together forming a single land mass making a super continent |
Geohazard | geological condition that could lead to damage or risk of injury's like earthquakes |
Reverse fault | horizontal and vertical compressions that squeezes rock and shortens the crust |
Strike-slip fault | shear causes horizontal movement along a fault plane like the san andreas fault |
Normal fault | fracture or systme of fractures along earth's tectonic plates when they move |
Compression | stress that decreases the volume of a material |
Tension | stress that pulls a material apart |
Shearing | stress that causes a material to twist |
Felsic | igneous rock realative to a group of light-colored minerals or rocks |
Mafic | igneous rock realative to a group of dark colored minerals or rocks |