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Unit 3 Vocab Rachel

Plate Tectonics

TermDefinition
Asthenosphere The upper layer on the Mantel
Subduction Where one tectonic plate goes beneath a other tectonic plate
Seafloor spreading An educated guess that new new ocean crust if formed at mid-ocean ridges and then destroyed in deep sea trenches. It occurs in a cycle of magma and spreading.
Mantel convection A motion on the solid mantel
Ridge push The weight of an elevated plate pushes a oceanic plate into a subduction zone
Slab pull A tectonic process when the convection currents in the mantel which pulls the trailing lithosphere into a subduction zone.
Lava Melted rock on the outside of the Earths crust.
Magma Melted rock on the inside of the Earths crust.
Tectonic Plate large pieces of earths crust that cover its surface.
Theory of Continental drift The theory of how all the continents were once all together.
Convergent boundary Where two tectonic plates move together and can make things like trenches.
Divergent boundary Where two tectonic plates move away which can make earthquakes.
Transform boundary Where two tectonic plates slide horizontally past each other and can create shallow earthquakes.
Hot spot Unusual hot areas in the earths mantel where plumes rise to the surface.
Epicenter A point on the Earths surface that is directly above the focus on an earthquake.
Focus The point where a earthquake originates from.
Pangaea The name for when the all the continents where all together.
Geohazard Where something geologically is very dangerous.
Reverse fault Where one fault or wall moves up on another fault.
Strike-slip fault This forms when rock's move past each other horizontally.
Normal fault This occurs when a hanging wall moves down to the foothill.
Compression A squeezing force that can cause intense deformation, folding, etc.
Tension A stress that pulls rocks into 2 different directions.
Shearing When brittle rocks can cause things like textures or fractures.
Felsic Lighter igneous rocks.
Mafic The ones that are classified as dark igneous rocks.
Created by: Rachel362
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