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Unit 3 Vocab Angel P

Plate Tectonics

TermDefinition
Asthenosphere The uppermost part of the mantle.
Subduction When one tectonic plate slips under another.
Seafloor Spreading The idea that new ocean crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges and destroyed at deep-sea trenches.
Mantle Convection The reason why tectonic plates move.
Ridge Push Tectonic process associated with convection currents in earth's mantle that occurs when the weight of an elevated ridge pushes an oceanic plate toward a subduction zone.
Slab Pull When tectonic plates subduct and start pulling down on the whole plate.
Magma Molten rock underneath the earth's surface.
Tectonic Plate Huge pieces of Earth's crust that cover its surface and fit together at their edges.
Theory of Continental Drift Wegener's hypothesis that Earth's continents were joined as a single landmass, called Pangaea, that broke apart about 200 million years ago and slowly moved to their present positions.
Convergent Boundary Two tectonic plates moving towards each other and forming mountains.
Divergent Boundary Two tectonic plates moving away from each other and forming volcanoes.
Transform Boundary Two tectonic plates rubbing against each other and causing earthquakes.
Hot Spot An unusually hot area in Earth's mantle where high-temperature plumes of mantle material rise towards the surface.
Epicenter (in regards to earthquakes) Point on the surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake.
Focus (in regards to earthquakes) The origin of an earthquake that usually lies at least several kilometers beneath Earth'es surface.
Pangaea Ancient landmass made up of all the continents that began the break apart about 200 million years ago.
Geohazard Hazards to the Earth.
Reverse Fault A fault where the hanging walls move up instead of down.
Strike-Slip Fault A fault where the hanging walls move sideways instead of up or down.
Normal Fault Where two hanging walls are compressed together and move downwards.
Compression When to blocks of rocks are pushed tightly together; like a convergent boundary.
Tension Stress that pulls rocks apart; like a divergent boundary
Shearing Stress that is applied in different directions that are towards the other; like a transform boundary.
Felsic Rocks with a lighter colour.
Mafic Rocks with a darker colour.
Created by: AngelP485
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