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Weather & Climate
6th Science Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| air masses | huge bodies of air that form over water or land in tropical (hot) or polar (cold) regions |
| exosphere | outer layer of the atmosphere; Cold regions of outer space are here |
| altitude | how high you go in the atmosphere |
| when altitude increases | air pressure decreases |
| troposphere | 1st atmospheric layer- closest to Earth where weather and clouds occur; Airplanes fly here |
| nitrogen and oxygen | two most abundant gases in the atmosphere |
| fossil fuels | these come from burning natural resources such as coal; create energy, but add to the greenhouse layer and increase the Greenhouse Effect. |
| stratosphere | This atmospheric layer is cold except at the top where the ozone layer is located |
| warm front | When a warm air mass hits a cold air mass and moves over the top of it; Long periods of precipitation and warmer temperatures |
| greenhouse gases | gases reflected from earth and are stored in the greenhouse layer |
| thermosphere | The warmest atmospheric layer with very thin air; Auroras occur here; space shuttles orbit here; Ionosphere is an inner layer here |
| carbon dioxide and methane | two main greenhouse gases |
| ozone | a form of oxygen that protects the earth from the harmful UV rays from the sun |
| boundary | The line between the air masses |
| cold front | When a cold air mass hits and slides under a warm air mass, causing thunderstorms, sometimes tornadoes, and/or cooler temperatures |
| stationary front | A cold and a warm air mass hit and form a boundary and neither one will move |
| occluded front | Cold air mass pushes into a warm air mass that is behind a cool air mass and then the warm air mass is pushed up above the cooler air mass |
| tornado | rapidly whirling, funnel-shaped cloud that extends down from a storm cloud; the very low pressure and strong winds |
| hurricane | a low pressure tropical storm that forms over warm ocean water |
| Continental Polar air masses | originate over cold land masses and bring cold dry air as they move. o Continental Tropical - originate over warm land masses and bring warm dry air |
| Continental Tropical air massess | originate over warm land masses and bring warm dry air as they move |
| Maritime Polar air masses | originate over cold oceans and bring cold moist air as they move |
| Maritime Tropical air masses | originate over warm oceans and bring warm moist air as they move |
| Continental | having to do with land |
| Maritime | having to do with water (mar means sea or pool (water)) |
| tropical | warm to hot temperatures |
| polar | cool to cold temperatures |
| mesosphere | The coldest atmospheric layer where meteors burn up |
| storms | Severe weather conditions that occur when pressure differences cause rapid air movement. |
| thunderstorm | a storm with thunder, lightning, heavy rains and strong winds; form within large cumulonimbus clouds; usually form along a cold front but can form within an air mass. |
Created by:
robryant
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