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Cancer
patho lecture 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| what is the leading cause of death behind heart disease | cancer |
| how does the cell cycle of cancer cells differentiate between that of normal cells | they proliferate without control, there is no resting phase or restrictive checkpoints |
| immunocompetence | the ability for the body to have a normal immune response following exposure to an antigen |
| why do older people get tumors more often | with age, immunocompetence decreases cells begin to escape that immune security and form a tumor |
| anaplasia | lack of differentiation |
| how are tumors classified and staged | TNM system |
| two major classes of cancer genes | tumor suppressor genes oncogenes |
| what can happens when genetic mutate as far as cancer genes go | cancer genes can become defective |
| proto-oncogenes | genes that stimulate and regulate a cells movement through the cell cycle |
| what happens to proto-oncogenes when genetics are mutated | they become oncogenes, so they stimulate constant cell cycling |
| how do malignant cancer cells metastasize | lymph or blood |
| tumor cells that metastasize must be where there is adequate blood supply. But in cancer cells, they can create their own blood supply. How? | they secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which gives them the ability to develop new blood vessels |
| paraneoplastic syndrome | an unexpected pathological disorder provoked by cancer in the body |
| cancer cachexia | loss of body fat and lean body mass |
| 50% of cancer cases have to do with the _______ | p53 gene, which is a tumor suppressor gene |
Created by:
hannah.feaster
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