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Science Test #4
Astronomy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Astronomy- | The scientific study of what is beyond the earth’s atmosphere |
| Astrology- | Looking at the night sky to predict the future/predict world events; it is pagan. |
| Constellation | Made up of a group of stars, creates pictures that sometimes tell ‘story's’ |
| Galaxy | a huge rotating collection of gas, dust, and billions of stars, planets, other celestial objects |
| Planet | a large round celestial object that travels around a star. |
| Sextant | To measure the angle of the sun or of the moon. |
| Sun | The center of our solar system, it is a star made up of gases, and dust. And provides the earth with warmth. |
| Universe | Everything that exists, including all energy, matter, and space. |
| Solar system | The sun and all objects that travels around the star. |
| Star | A massive collection of gases held together by its own gravity and emitting huge amounts of energy. |
| Comet | A chunk of ice and dust that travels in a very long orbit around the sun. |
| Asteroid | is a minor planet that is not a comet. |
| Orbit | A path that uses gravity to move around a planet, or a moon |
| Satellite | A celestial object that travels around a planet or dwarf planet. |
| Sunspots | Temporary phenomena on the photo-sphere of the Sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding region |
| Luminous | radiating or reflecting light; shining; bright. |
| Terrestrial | The first four planets in our solar system, because of their rocky surface. |
| Gaseous gas giant | Giant planet which mainly consist of light elements such as hydrogen and helium |
| Nebula | Cloud of interstellar gas and dust, and when it collapses the gravitational pull becomes stronger/increases. |
| Protostar | Concentrated gas and dust which increases in mass and becomes a dense sphere of matter causing its core to heat up. |
| Black hole | The collapse core of a massive star, from a star 30x the size of our sun, this happens because the gravity pacts the particles so dense it can capture light |
| Supernova | this only happens to stars 10- 30 times the size of our sun, this happens because the lack of outward explosions causes a large implosion of mass which when it hit the dense core it explodes outward causing a supernova |
| Milky way | It is a spiral galaxy, in our solar system. |
| Telescope | A device, that can help study the stars, planets, and our moon. It zooms in so we can have a better look. |
| Hubble deep field | image taken by the Hubble Space Telescope of a small area of sky located in the constellation Ursa Major |
| Heliocentric | having or representing the sun as the center, as in the accepted astronomical model of the solar system. |
| Rotation | 24 hr day and night |
| Revolution | 365 days/ a year. Controls the seasons |
| Radiation | is a mixture of electromagnetic waves ranging from infrared (IR) to ultraviolet rays (UV). It of course includes visible light, which is in between IR and UV in the electromagnetic spectrum |
| Sunspots- | Temporary phenomena on the photo-sphere of the Sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding region |
| Nuclear fusion | Process where atomic nuclei combine and release energy |
| Solar eclipse | Is when the moon covers the sun causing the sky to turn black for a period. Don’t investigate the sky or else you will become blinded. |
| Lunar eclipse | Is when the earth goes in front of the moon, causing the moon to appear red. |
| Northern lights | is a natural light display in the Earth's sky, predominantly seen in the high-latitude regions. Auroras are the result of disturbances in the magnetosphere |
| Tides | it can be used to create energy and approximate hours between tides. |
| Gravity & mass | Gravity is the attractive pull between two objects that have mass |
| Shooting stars | Shooting stars, also known as fallen stars, send streaks of light across the night sky before burning out into a point of inky blackness |
| Order of planets | Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. |
| The big dipper | a series of stars that make a shape looking like a dipper. |
| The little dipper | a series of stars which makes an image small than the big dipper, and end star is the North Star |
| Polaris | commonly the North Star or Pole Star, is the brightest star in the constellation of Ursa Minor. |
| Factors that affect the brightness of stars | The distance away The actual Brightness |
| Elliptical Galaxy | a large group of stars that together make an elliptical or oval shape. |
| Spiral Galaxy | a large group of stars that together made a spiral shape, such as the milky way. |
| Lenticular Galaxy | a large group of stars that together make a shape that has a neutral bulge but no spiral arms |
| Irregular Galaxy | a large group of stars that together make an irregular shape. |
| The Canadarm | machine that helps in space by capturing and repaired satellites, positioned astronauts, maintained equipment, and moved cargo |
| Effect of micro-gravity on humans | The spine stretches, so you grow taller Puffiness and redness on face during lift off. |
| Apollo 13 | 3 survivors one tank of oxygen lost, but gravity on the moon made it good to land back on the earth. |
| Challenger Explosion | 7 people killed, due to an explosion that cut off their oxygen. |
| Space Spinoffs | Technology made for space exploration which have yielded technology on earth ,MRE- meals ready to Eat, Space Blankets , and Robot technology |
Created by:
ANNA 14
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