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SLS Bio 12 E - GN
SLS Bio 12 Enzymes - Graeme Norris
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Activation Energy | the minimum amount of energy required to initiate a reaction. |
| Biochemical Reaction | when a molecule is transformed into a different molecule in the cell. break down molecules into smaller units while also releasing energy. |
| Coenzyme | the part of an enzyme that is not made of amino acids (protein). can be used as a signal to start a reaction or speed up a process. common coenzymes are vitamins. |
| Competitive Inhibitors | is an imposter of a substrate that binds to enzymes active site and does not allow them bind to any real substrates. it is termed competitive because it competes with the substrate. |
| Enzyme | a protein that catalyzes chemical reactions and lowers activation energy. |
| Enzyme Activity | measure catalytic ability. catalytic ability is the rate at which a chemical reaction is increased by a certain number of catalysts. |
| Enzyme Concentration | the amount of enzymes in a location that when changed, can speed up or decrease the rate of the reaction. |
| Heavy Metal | metals that pull electrons when entering the body. they interfere with enzyme shape because they deform them do to that strong electron pull. they are termed as poisonous and toxic due to this. Mercury and chromium are examples of heavy metals. |
| Induced Fit Model | determined that enzymes modify themselves to fit their desired substrate. different from lock and key model that it modifies and the enzyme does not come in the specific shape for the substrate. |
| Metabolism | A system in the body (steps) where all chemical reactions occur to transition sustenance into useable energy. |
| Non-competitive Inhibitor | binds to enzyme's allosteric site even if they are attached to a substrate . this will alter the active sites form and prevent a reaction from occurring. |
| pH | the level that measures if something is basic, neutral, or acidic based on the O and OH levels. |
| Proteins. | a molecule made of amino acids that form many jobs in the human body. |
| Substrate | fits in the active site of an enzyme. Enzyme acts on substrates with them being reactants. |
| Substrate Concentration | the amount of substrate present that can be altered into a product. this is used to measure enzyme activity. |
| Thyroid | produces thyroid hormones that manage the metabolic rate, digestion, muscle control, etc... an important hormone is thyroxin. |
| Thyroxine | a thyroid hormone that manages digestion, heart and muscle function, brain development, and the maintenance of bones. |
| Vitamins | Coenzymes that assists enzymes in catalyzing reactions. |
Created by:
Graeme.N
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