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GEOLOGIC TIME

SLHS GEOLOGIC TIME & EARTH'S HISTORY

QuestionAnswer
Comparison of one event to another   Relative Dating  
Determining the actual age of an event   Absolute Dating  
A break or gap in the rock record   Unconformity  
Rock layers missing by erosion.   Disconformity  
Sedimentary rock layers above igneous or metamorphic rock   Nonconformity  
Horizontal layers above tilted or folded layers   Angular unconformity  
Bend in rock layers   Fold  
Break in rock layers with displacement   Fault  
Upward fold   Anticline  
Downward fold   Syncline  
"The present is the key to the past". Geologic processes happening today probably happened in the past.   Uniformitarianism  
Geologic processes occur suddenly   Catastrophism  
The age of an event or object in relation to other events or objects.   Relative age  
Fossils of organisms that were common, that lived in many areas, and that existed only during specific spans of time.   Index fossils  
Any evidence of pre-historic life   Fossil  
Complete sequence of rock layers and events   Geologic Column  
Matching up rock layers in different locations   Correlating rock layers  
Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers   Isotopes  
Isotope that does not radioactivley decay   Stable isotope  
Isotope that decays   Radioactive isotope  
The time it takes for 1/2 of a radioactive isotope to decay.   Half-Life  
Radioactive isotope that decays   Parent Isotope / Parent Material  
Isotope produced by radioactive decay   Daughter Isotope / Daughter Material  
The disappearance of a species   Extinction  
Paleozoic Era   Age of Invertebrates  
Cenozoic Era   Age of Mammals  
Mesozoic Era   Age of Reptiles  
Eon, Era, Period, Epoch   Four division of Geologic time in order from largest to smallest:  
Traces or remains of living things from long ago.   Fossils  
Fossils that are the actual bodies or body parts of organisms.   Original remains  
A cast is a solid copy of the organism. A mold is a hollow area in the sediment that is in the shape of an organism.   Casts and molds  
Provides evidence of activities of an organism. Examples are ft prints of worm holes.   Trace Fossil  
Are the original remains of ancient life. They can be preserved in amber (tree sap), tar or ice.   Preserved Remains 
When minerals replace the hard parts of an organism. Petrified means “turned to stone”.   Petrified  
Is an organism that is widely distributed around the world, but only lived a short period of time.   Index fossil  
Is the age of a rock as compared to other rocks.   Relative age  
Is the exact age of the rock since it was formed, its birth.   Absolute age  
States that the oldest rock layers will be on the bottom with younger rock layers above.   Law of Superposition  
Allows scientists to find the absolute age of a rock by finding out the amount of radiation in the rock.   Radioactive dating  
Created by: rrosset
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