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Def in Path 1
Definitions in Pathophysiology Unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Study of functions & processes that occur in body, mostly the Normal process | Physiology |
| the study of the underlying changes in body physiology that result from disease or injury | Pathophysiology |
| Menstrual flow ceases b/c of menopause, pregnancy, etc | physiologic amenorrhea |
| menstrual flow ceases b/c of cancer | pathophysiological amenorrhea |
| Maintenance of constant conditions in the body's internal environment | Homeostasis |
| What must cells have? | A constant supply of nutrients , H2O, O2, and exist in narrow PH & Temperature. |
| What is the body always trying to do? | "right itself" when homeostasis is threatened by challenges |
| Return to homeostasis after being challenged by a stressor | compensation |
| What are similar words for compensation? | adaptation, healing, etc |
| Compensation is achieved by the body's use of control mechanisms called... | Compensatory Mechanisms |
| What does the body turn to if hungry and can not eat for energy? | Back up plan number 1 - Glycogenolysis |
| Breakdown of glycogen, which is a form of stored glucose | Glycogenolysis |
| Failure to compensate, adapt, heal,etc | Decomposition |
| A harmful condition in the body (and/or mind) | disease |
| Disturbance in the healthiness of the body | disorder |
| A collection of symptoms | Syndrome |
| What words are interchangeable because they are all disturbance in body homeostasis | disease/disorder/syndrome |
| Factors that or contribute to and/or increase probability that a dz will occur --"setting the stage" EX. heredity, age, ethnicity, lifestyle(smoking, eating habits, etc) | Risk factors |
| Condition or event that triggers a pathologic event or disorder...the " kick - off" (EX. Asthma attack) | precipitating factor |
| Cause of a disease; includes all factors that contribute to development of dz; (EX. Cause of AIDS: HIV, Cause of Rheumatic heart disease : Autoimmune reaction) | Etiology |
| dz with unidentifiable cause | idiopathic |
| problem--occurs as a result of medical treatment. (ex. Kidney failure is due to improper use of antibiotic prescribed by a healthcare provider) | iatrogenic |
| problem--result as a consequence of being in hospital environment (disorder that happens while you are a patient in hospital) | nosocomial |
| The demonstration of the presence of a sign and/symptom of a disease | Clinical manifestations |
| Manifestations that can be objectively identified by a trained observer | Signs |
| Subjective manifestations that can only be reported by the person experiencing them - pain, nausea, fatigue | symptoms |
| symptoms in a particular area..ex. redness, swelling, heat, rash, & lymphadenopathy | local system s&s |
| fever. urticaria (hives), malaise(I feel dragged out or awful all over) | systemic s&s |
| Fairly rapid appearance of s&s of dz (over a day to several days); usually last only a short time///Can also mean "increase in severity..ex the patients URI increased and he had to be hospitalized | acute s&s |
| Develop more slowly; s&s are often insidious and last longer and/or wax and wane over months or years | chronic s&s |
| periods when s&s disappear or diminish significantly (wane) | remissions |
| periods when s&s become worse or more severe(wax); to provoke; to make worse | exacerbations |
| refers to a problem, situation, etc that is occurring towards the core of the body | center |
| What does it mean the more central a problem is? | the more proximal to the core it is |
| the arm was fractured proximal to the elbow means? | a break between the elbow and shoulder |
| Problem occurring toward the outer parts of body, away from the core | Peripheral |
| what does this mean? if we lose blood, the blood vessels of the periphery often constrict so that not a lot of blood can circulate into those area? | Blood not circulating to mainly arm and legs |
| True or False : A sign of shock is cool, pale extremities due to loss of blood to extremities , | True |
| What are some s&s of shock | low blood pressure, not getting enough blood to different parts fo the body, confusion, not getting blood to brain |
| predicted outcome of a dz based on certain factors: usual course of dz, individual characteristics(age spectrum...infants & the elderly are at high risk for poor _____ due to immature or "worn out" immune systems. | Prognosis |
| two or more coexisting medical conditions; increase the chance of poor prognosis | Presence of comorbidities |
| Aftermath of a disease..EX. possible ________of chicken pox -> scarring | Sequela / Complications/ "Outcome" |
| menaing not, without | a/an |
| meaning from, away from, off | ab |
| meaning increase, adherence, to or toward | ad |
| meaning the air, or gas | aer |
| suffix referring to pain or painful condition | algia |
| to move upward to a higher position | ascend |
| denoting a lack of symmetry between two or more parts that are alike | asymmetrical |
| prefix meaning twice or double | bi |
| relating to or having two sides | bilateral |
| denotes an immature precursor cell | blast |
| prefix meaning slow | brady |
| pertaining to the back | dorsal |
| prefix referring to "bad" or difficulty | dys |
| suffix denoting removal of an anatomical part | ectomy |
| suffix meaning "in the blood" | emia |
| prefix referring to the blood | hemo |
| escape of blood from the intravascular space. To bleed | hemorrhage |
| prefix meaning excessive - above normal | hyper |
| prefix deficient- below normal | hypo |
| Intesive Care Unit | ICU |
| suffice that often creates plural form; ex-one emolus; two emboli | "i" |
| suffix meaning state or condition | iasis |
| prefix meaning private; distinctive; or peculiar to | idio |
| situated below or directly downward | inferior |
| suffix meaning having to do with inflammation or infection | itis |
| intravenous | IV |
| pertaining to fat | lipo |
| suffix creates adjective form of lysis | lytic |
| suffix refers to destruction of a substances; usually a cell | lysis |
| prefix meaning large; long | marcro |
| suffix meaning large | megaly |
| prefix denoting smallnes | micro |
| prefix meaning death | necro |
| suffix meaning artificial opening(stoma) into the urinary or gastrointestinal tract or trachea | ostomy |
| suffix meaning the stude of a subject | ology |
| suffix meaning condition | osis |
| suffix meaning a cutting operation | otomy |
| suffix referring to moding; shaping or the result there of a surgical procedure | plasty |
| suffix referring to viewing or seeing | scopy |
| situated above or directly upward | superior |
| equality in two like parts | symmetrical |
| prefix meaning rapid | tachy |
| confined to one side of the body only | unilateral |
| pertaing to the front side of the body only | ventral |
| vital signs | VS |
| blood pressure | BP |
| respiratory rate | RR |
| temp-tempurture | T |
| oxygen saturation | SO2 or pulse oximeter or pulse ox or O2 sat |
Created by:
Lashcamp44
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