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SLO Biology Test

QuestionAnswer
Unicellular one cell
Multicellular more than one cell
Mitosis reproduction for eukaryotic cells where nucleus dissolves and reforms and chromosomes are copied
Daughter cells the two new cells that are created during reproduction, exact copies
How do plants reproduce? both sexually and asexually
How have plants adapted to reproduce better and what is the benefit of each? sexually insures new chromosomes while asexually is an exact copy.
What are typical body plans for plants? radial
How do animals typically reproduce? sexually
Anterior front side (head side)
distal away from body on arm/leg
posterior towards backside (bottom side)
caudal tail
dorsal top (back)
proximal towards body on arm/leg
cranial head
lateral side
ventral underneath (stomach)
Radial body parts organized around a central point
Bilateral mirror halves
Asymmetry no body plan
Organization of Life from smallest to largest cells->tissue->organs->organ systems->organisms
Cells basic unit of life.
Tissue group of similar cells working together
Organs group of different tissues working together to perform a specific job
organ system Many organs working together to perform a specific job
organism A living thing that carries out its own life activities
What is the function of a nucleus? Holds the chromosomes, "directs/boss of cell activities"
What is the function of the nucleolus? Makes Ribosome.
What is the function of a chromosome? Controls growth and reproduction. Cell's instructions
What is the function of a ribosome? Produces proteins.
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? Transports proteins throughout the cell.
What is the function of the golgi complex? Packages proteins.
What is the function of the cytoplasm? Jelly-like fluid that supports the organelles within a cell.
What is the function of a the cell membrane? Controls movement into and out of the cell.
What is the function of a lysosome? Removes waste from the cell.
What is the function of a vacuole? Stores water, waste and other raw materials.
What is the function of the mitochondria? Provides energy to the cell.
What is the function of a chloroplast? The location of photosynthesis in a plant cell.
What is the function of a cell wall? Provides support and protection to plant cells.
What is the primary shape of some plant cells and how does this compare to some animal cells? Plants are rectangular while animals are circular.
What process can plant cells do that animal cells cannot? Plants can perform photosynthesis while animals cannot.
Which organelle do plants have only a large one vs. animals have many small ones? Vacuole
What provides plants support and protection but is missing in animal cells? a cell wall
What is a eukaryotic cell? a cell with a nucleus such as plant and animal cells.
What is a prokaryotic cell? cells without nucleus such as bacteria.
What does the cell theory say about where cells come from? Cells come from other cells. (Cell Theory)
What does the cell theory say is the basic unit of life? the cell (Cell Theory)
What is the smallest number of cells needed for an organism to be alive? one (Cell Theory)
Over many generations polar bears grow bigger feet to allow it to easily walk on ice, this is what type of living characteristic? Living things can adapt.
When a bee gets angry when it's hive is disturbed, this is what type of living characteristic? Living things can respond
When a female dog has puppies, this is what type of living characteristic? Living things can reproduce.
When a human starts as a baby but becomes an adult, this is what type of living characteristic? Living things can grow and develop.
Schleiden and Schwann proved that plants and animals are made of these. This is what type of living characteristic? Living things are made of cells.
When wolves attack cattle (cows) for food, this is what type of living characteristic? Living things can obtain and use energy.
What is osmosis? the diffusion of water
What is diffusion? The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration.
What does semi-permeable mean? Only certain things can get in or out.
Which organelle is semi-permeable? the cell membrane.
List the 6 stages of the cell cycle. Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
Chromosomes duplicate and organelles copy in which stage of cell cycle? Interphase
Nucleus breaks apart; chromosomes look like a bowl of spaghetti in which stage of cell cycle? Prophase
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell in which stage of cell cycle? Metaphase
Chromosomes move to each side of the cell. Copied ones on a side and original on the other side. Chromosomes away in which stage of cell cycle? Anaphase
Two new nuclei form in which stage of cell cycle? Telophase
Cell pinches off creating two new daughter cells in which stage of cell cycle? Cytokinesis
sexual reproduction 2 parents makes a offspring that is a combination of the two DNAs.
asexual reproduction 1 parent makes identical offspring.
sexual reproduction advantage offspring are different, Since offspring are combinations of the parents they can adapt and survive more situation.
sexual reproduction disadvantage slow process taking months to create offspring
asexual reproduction advantage fast process taking minutes to hours to create offspring
asexual reproduction disadvantage offspring are identical
What was Leuwenhoek's discovery? Single celled organisms in pond water
What was Hooke's discovery? Discovered and named cells
What was Pastuer discovery? Disproved Spontaneous Generation
What was Schleiden discovery? Discovered all parts of Plants are made of Cells
What was Schwann discovery? Discovered all parts of Animal are made of cells
What was Virchow discovery? Discovered that cells come from pre-existing cells, but took this discovery from another scientist. (May have borrowed the idea :-)
What has to happen before a cell can divide? Duplicate (copy) the chromosomes (DNA)
What was Remak's discovery? Actually did the work for cells come from other cells. Virchow published his idea.
Created by: meginnij
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