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vocab. 4
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Organic (compounds) | compounds containing both carbon and hydrogen |
Enzyme (s) | protein that catalyzes chemical reactions for organisms |
Hydrolysis | add water to break down complex to simple |
Polymer(s) | large, carbon-based molecule formed by monomers |
Dehydration synthesis | removing water to make something complex |
Nucleotide(s) | monomeer that forms DNA and has a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen-containing base |
Substrate | reactant in a chemical reaction upon which an enzyme acts |
Glycogen | is a large, branched polysaccharide that is the main storage form of glucose in animals and humans |
Inorganic (compounds) | compounds containing either carbon and hydrogen |
Peptide | is a short chain of amino acids |
lipid(s) | nonpolar molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; includes fats and oils |
Protein(s) | polymer composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds |
Carbohydrate(s) | molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; includes sugars and starches |
Nucleic acid(s) | polymer of nucleotides; the genetic material of organisms |
Denature/denaturation | process modifying the molecular structure of a protein. |
Amino acid(s) | molecule that makes up proteins; composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur |
Deoxyriboses nucleic acid (DNA) | an extremely long macromolecule that is the main component of chromosomes |
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) | A nucleic acid molecule similar to DNA but containing ribose rather than deoxyribose. |
Monomer(s) | molecular subunit of a polymer |
Monosaccharide(s) | A simple sugar that constitutes the building blocks of a more complex form of sugars |