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Biology - Cells
Stack #31479
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A generally accepted idea that all living things are made up of one or more cells. | Cell Theory |
| A double layered boundary of the cell. | Cell membrane |
| A strong support structure found outside the cell membrane in plants and some other organsims. | Cell Wall |
| The place in a eukaryotic cell where DNA is stored. | Nucleus |
| The jelly-like substance that surrounds the organelles of the cell. | Cytoplasm |
| A primative cell, without a nucleus. | Prokaryote |
| A more sophisticated cell, has a nucleus. | Eukaryote |
| A small part of a cell that performs a certain function. | Organelle |
| A structure that contains tightly coiled DNA around proteins called histones. | Chromosome |
| The membrane surrounding the nucleus. | Nuclear Envelope |
| The structure in the cell that makes proteins. | Ribosome |
| The structure in the cell that transports proteins, cell membranes are made and the synthesis of lipids. | Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| The part of the cell that packages proteins. | Golgi Apparatus |
| The part of the cell that recycles worn out cell parts and destroys foreign materials. | Lysosome |
| The storage facility of the cell. | Vacuole |
| The part of plant cells that collect solar energy from the sun. | Chloroplast |
| The power supply of the cell. Turns stored energy into active energy. | Mitochondria |
| Concentration | The amount of a substance per area. |
| Diffusion | The movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration. |
| Selective Permeability | Allowing some things to pass and some not to pass. |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of water. |
| Facilitated Diffusion | The diffusion of substances through a protein channel. |
| Active Transport | Movement across a cell membrane that requires energy. |
| Endocytosis | A process where large particles are engulfed and taken into the cell. |
| Exocytosis | A process where large particles are released from the cell in pockets of cell membrane. |
| Passive Transport | Movement across the cell membrane that does not require energy. |
| Cell specialization | In a multi-celled organism, the division of labor between the cells. |
| Tissue | A group of cells that have the same function. |
| Organ | Tissues working together to perform a function. |
| Organ System | Organs working together to perform a function. |
| Any living thing. | Organism |
| The process where one cells divides into two or more cells. | Cell Division |
| One half of a duplicated set of DNA. | Chromatid |
| The place where two identical copies of DNA are attached in a chromosome. | Centromere |
| Part of the cell that creates the spindle fibers during mitosis. | Centriole |
| Phase in a cell's life cycle where the cell grows and DNA is replicated. | Interphase |
| First phase of mitosis, the DNA condenses into chromosomes. | Prophase |
| The second phase of mitosis, the chromosomes meet in the middle. | Metaphase |
| The third phase of mitosis, the spindle begins to pull chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell. | Anaphase |
| The last phase of mitosis, the 2 chromosome sets are far away from each other and nuclear envelopes form around them. | Telophase |
| Spindle | The structure of fibers that aids in the accurate separation of chromosomes into 2 complete sets. |
| Mitosis | The division of replicated DNA into 2 complete sets. |
| Cytokineses | Cell Division |
| Cyclin | A chemical that controls the timing and division of the cell. |
| Cancer | A disease that occurs when cells lose control of cell division. A continually dividing mass of cells. |
| Haploid | A cell that has one set of DNA. In humans, 23 chromosomes. |
| Diploid | A cell that has two sets of DNA. In humans, 46 chromosomes. |
| Meiosis | The division of the nucleus into 4 haploid sex cells. |
| Scrotum | (Males) The external sac containing the testes. |
| Epididymus | (Males) Structure where sperm are stored and allowed to mature. |
| Urethra | (Males) Tube through which sperm is released from the body. (Males and Females) Tube through which urine is released from the body. |
| Penis | (Males) External reproductive organ that connects the urethra to the outside of the body. |
| Prostate Gland | (Males) A walnut sized gland that supplies fluid to semen. |
| Seminal Vesicles | (Males) Glands that supply nutrients to the semen. |
| Bulbourethral Gland | (Males) Glands that supply an alkaline substance to the semen, used to neutralize the acidic environment in the urethra. |
| Semen | (Males) A substance made up of sperm and fluids from the prostate gland, seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands. Carries sperm to the egg. |
| Fallopian Tubes | (Female) One of two tubes through which an egg passes when released from an ovary. |
| Ovary | (Females) Female reproductive organ that produces egg cells. |
| Uterus | (Uterus) Organ in the female reproductive system where a fertilized egg implants and develops. |
| Vagina | (Females) Canal that leads from the uterus to the outside of the body. |
| Cervix | The opening between the vagina and the uterus. |
Created by:
Holly Thomas
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