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Heat and Wind review

TermDefinition
Electromagnetic Waves A form of energy that can travel through space. These are classified according to wavelength.
Radiation The direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves.
Infrared Radiation Form of energy with wavelength longer than red-light- not visible-felt as heat.
Ultraviolet Radiation Has wavelengths shorter than violet light-cause sunburns, skin cancer & eye damage.
Thermal Energy Total amount of energy (speed) is in the tiny particles of an object.
Temperature The AVERAGE amount of energy of motion in each molecule. The higher the energy the hotter the object.
Heat The energy transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one.
Conduction The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is TOUCHING – substances are IN CONTACT with each other.
Convection The transfer of heat by the movement of liquid or gas due to changes in density and pressure.
Convection Current The cycling of matter caused by warmer matter with a low density rising and cooler matter sinking as it becomes more dense ~ occurs in liquid and gases.
Wind The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure. ALL winds are caused by differences in air pressure due to unequal heating.
Anemometer Instrument used to measure wind speed.
Wind-chill factor How cold it SEEMS when you consider the wind and the temperate.
Local wind Winds that blow over a short distance. **caused by unequal heating of earth’s surface.
Sea breeze Wind that blows from an ocean or lake onto land.
Land breeze The flow of air from land to a body of water.
Doldrums Area near the equator that has little to no wind.
Horse Latitudes Calm areas at 30 degrees latitude hemisphere where air stops & sinks.
Global wind Surface wind systems that blow steadily over a long distance. Trade winds, westerlies, polar easterlies.
Coriolis effect The curving of global winds caused by earth’s rotation.
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