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Respiratory System
Respiratory System Disorders
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| apnea | lack of breathing |
| bifurcation | the division of a tube or vessel into two channels or branches. |
| bronchodilation | relaxation of smooth muscle in the bronchioles, widening the airway |
| clubbing | bulbous swelling of the terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes, giving them a “club” appearance; the normal 160° angle between the nailbed and the digit increases to 180° |
| caseation | a form of necrosis in which tissue is changed into a dry, amorphous mass resembling cheese |
| cohesion | tendency to stick together or be attracted |
| compliance | the ability of the lungs to expand and recoil or the patient's willingness to follow a prescribed treatment |
| emphysema | long-term, progressive disease of the lungs that primarily causes shortness of breath due to over-inflation of the alveoli (air sacs in the lung) |
| eupnea | normal, regular quiet breathing |
| expectorant | something that helps loosen mucus so you can cough it up. |
| hemoptysis | the coughing up of blood |
| Hering-Breuer reflex | a reflex that prevents excessive lung expansion |
| hypercapnia | increased level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood |
| hypoxemia | insufficient oxygen in the arterial blood |
| orthopnea | difficult or labored breathing when recumbent that is usually relieved by an upright position. |
| paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea | awakening in sever respiratory distress, usually associated with pulmonary edema. |
| proteases | an enzyme that breaks down a protein into amino acids. |
| pulsus paradoxus | abnormal decrease in systolic pressure during inspiration. |
| rales | a bubbly or crackling sound sound in the lungs caused by air mixing with fluid in the airways |
| residuals volume | the volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximum expiration. |
| rhonchi | a harsh noise heard in the lungs resulting from air passing through partial obstruction by thick mucus and exudate |
| sputum | type of thick mucus that is produced by the lungs when they are diseased or damaged. |
| steatorrhea | fatty, bulky stool resulting from malabsorption |
| stridor | an abnormal high-pitched, crowing sound caused by obstruction in the trachea or larynx. |
| surface tension | property which causes liquids to rise in a capillary tube, affects the exchange of gases in the pulmonary alveoli, and alters the ability of various liquids to wet another surface. |
| vital capacity | the maximum amount of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs |
| wheezing | a high-pitched whining sound typical of obstruction in the bronchioles and small bronchi. |
Created by:
DocMorris
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