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Unit 3 Part 1 Cells
Cell Organelles and Cellular Organization Life Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cell | The smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and contain DNA and cytoplasm |
| organism | A living thing; anything that can carry out life processes independently |
| cell membrane | A phospholipid (fat) layer that forms a cell’s surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s external (outside) environment |
| cytoplasm | The region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton, and all of the organelles except the nucleus |
| organelle | One of the small bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function |
| nucleus | In a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction of the cell |
| prokaryote | A single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles; examples are archaea and bacteria |
| eukaryote | An organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include protists, animals, plants, and fungi, but not archaea or bacteria |
| mitochondrion | In eukaryotic cells, the organelle that is the site of cellular respiration, which releases energy for use by the cell |
| ribosome | A cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis |
| endoplasmic reticulum | A system of membranes that are found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids |
| golgi complex (golgi body, golgi apparatus) | A cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell |
| vacuole | A fluid-filled vesicle found in the cytoplasm of plant cells or protozoans |
| chloroplast | An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs |
| lysosome | A cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes |
| tissue | A group of similar cells that perform a common function |
| organ | A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body |
| organ system | A group of organs that work together to perform body functions |
| structure | The arrangement of parts in an organism |
| function | The special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or part |
Created by:
jessica.watson
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