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biology
Question | Answer |
---|---|
enzyme | a protein that acts as a catalsyt to bring specific biochemical reactions on an organism |
polypeptide | large number of amino acids |
primary structure | "most basic"- sequence of amino acids that form proteins |
protein synthesis | info in genes flow into proteins- DNA>RNA>Proteins |
double helix | two strands of DNA |
semiconservative model | produces 2 copies with 1 original strand as well as new strand |
origin of replication | process which replication is initated |
transcription | DNA to RNA |
codon | 3 nucleotidea |
promoter | START or DNA signals for transcription |
terminator | DNA signals to stop transcription |
translation | RNA protein |
anticodon | 3 nucleotides of tRNA correspond to mRNA |
substitution mutation | mutation where base is exchanged for another |
insertion mutation | mutation where is an additional base is added to sequence |
deletion mutation | mutation where base is removed |
reading frame | triplet codons are read onto ribosomes |
mutagen | environmental, chemical or radiant cause mutations |
genetic engineering | manipulating genes |
recombinant DNA | allows genetic diversification, DNADNA combs with different organisms |
DNA helicase | unzips, or separates strands |
DNA polymerase | builds strands |
RNA polymerase | adds correct base pairs on RNA strand |
silent mutation | substitution that does not change amino acids |
missense mutation | substitution when wrong amino acids is coded for |
nonsense mutation | substitution causes early stop |