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Neurological Disorde
Neurlogical Disorders
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| afferent | toward the center; example (when nerves are carried toward the central nervous system |
| amnesia | loss of memory |
| anencephaly | congenital condition where most of the brain and skull are absent |
| anomalies | an abnormal structure, often congenital. |
| athetoid | involuntary writhing movement of limbs and body. |
| aphasia | loss of the ability to communicate, speak coherently, or understand speech. |
| atresia | blind end to a tube; loss of the lumen |
| aura | a sensation (e.g. visual or auditory), usually preceding a seizure or migraine headache. |
| bifurcation | the division of a tube or vessel into two channels or branches. |
| Broca's area | area of the left frontal lobe of the brain in which the output or words, both written and verbal is coordinated. |
| catechol O-methytransferase (COMT) inhibitors | enzymes that degrade catecholamines (such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine), |
| choreiform | involuntary repeated jerky movements of the face and limbs |
| chroid plexuses | infoldings of blood vessels of the pia mater that secrete cerebrospinal fluid. |
| clonic | consisting of rapid, alternating contraction and relaxation of skeletal muscle. |
| cognitive | intellectual abilities for example memory, thinking, problem solving, judgment, initiative. |
| coma | unconscious state |
| contralateral | opposite side of the body |
| diplopia | double vision |
| efferent | moving away from the center; nerve fibers that carry impulses to the muscles |
| fissure | a crack or split in the surface of the skin |
| flaccid | lack of tone in muscle |
| foramina | a small opening, perforation, or orifice. |
| fulminant | rapid, severe, uncontrolled progress of a disease or infection |
| ganglion | a collection of nerve cell bodies, usually outside the central nervous system. |
| gyri | a ridge or fold between two clefts on the cerebral surface in the brain |
| hyperreflexia | excessive reflex response |
| infratentorial | area of the brain below the tentorium cerebelli |
| ipsilateral | same side of the body |
| labile | unstable, changing |
| nuchal rigidity | a stiff neck, often associated with meningitis |
| paralysis | the loss of the ability to move (and sometimes to feel anything) in part or most of the body |
| paresis | muscle weakness or mild paralysis |
| paresthesia | abnormal sensation |
| photophobia | increased sensitivity of the eyes to light |
| postictal | the altered state of consciousness after an epileptic seizure. |
| precursor | a substance that can be used to form other materials |
| pressoreceptors | a sensory nerve terminal that is stimulated by changes in pressure, as those in blood vessel walls. |
| prodromal | the initial period in the development of disease before acute symptoms occur |
| ptosis | drooping eyelid |
| retina | a thin layer of tissue that lines the back of the eye on the inside |
| scotoma | a defect in the visual field |
| spastic | a strong, involuntary muscle contraction |
| stupor | a state of extreme lethargy |
| sulcus, sulci | a groove or furrow, especially one on the surface of the brain |
| supratentorial | region of the brain is located in the upper half of the brain. It is composed of the cerebrum and the diencephalon. |
| sutures | a stitch or row of stitches holding together the edges of a wound or surgical incision. |
| tetraplegia | a form of paralysis that is caused by some injury or illness and results in partial or complete loss of usage of torso and limbs |
| tonic | the stage in a seizure where there is stiffening of muscles |
| transillumination | the passage of light through a structure to determine if an abnormality is present. |
| Wrenicke's area | an integration center in the brain that comprehends language, both spoken and written. |
Created by:
DocMorris
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