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Fluid and Chem Bal

Ch 16 Fluid and Chemical Balance

TermDefinition
Active transport process of chemical distribution that requires an energy source.
Air embolism bubble of air in the vascular system.
Anions electrolytes with a negative charge.
Blood substitutes fluids that when transfused carry and distribute oxygen to cells, tissues, and organs; also known as oxygen therapeutics.
Cations electrolytes with a positive charge.
Circulatory overload severely compromised heart function.
Colloids undissolved protein substances.
Colloid solutions water and molecules of suspended substances, such as blood cells, and blood products such as albumin.
Colloidal osmotic pressure force for attracting water.
Crystalloid solution water and other uniformly dissolved crystals, such as salt and sugar.
Dehydration fluid deficit in both extracellular and intracellular compartments.
Drop factor number of drops per milliliter in intravenous tubing.
Edema excessive fluid in tissue.
Electrochemical neutrality balance of cations with anions.
Electrolytes chemical compounds, such as sodium and chloride, that are dissolved, absorbed, and distributed in body fluid and possess an electrical charge.
Emulsion mixture of two liquids, one of which is insoluble in the other.
Extracellular fluid fluid outside cells.
Facilitated diffusion process in which certain dissolved substances require the assistance of a carrier molecule to pass from one side of a semipermeable membrane to the other.
Filtration process that regulates the movement of water and substances from a compartment where the pressure is high to one where the pressure is lower.
Fluid imbalance condition in which the body's water is not in proper volume or location in the body.
Hydrostatic pressure pressure exerted against a membrane.
Hypertonic solution solution that is more concentrated than body fluid.
Hypervolemia higher-than-normal volume of water in the intravascular fluid compartment.
Hypoalbuminemia deficit of albumin in the blood.
Hypotonic solution one that contains fewer dissolved substances that normally found in plasma.
Hypovolemia low volume in the extracellular fluid compartments.
Infiltration escape of intravenous fluid into the tissue.
Infusion device electric or battery-operated machine that regulates and monitors the administration of IV solutions.
Infusion pump device that uses pressure to infuse solutions.
intake and output record of a client's fluid intake and fluid loss over a 24hour period.
Intermittent venous access device sealed chamber that provides a means for administering intravenous medications or solutions on a periodic basis.
Interstitial fluid fluid in tissue space between and around cells.
Intracellular fluid fluid inside cells.
Intravascular fluid watery plasma, or serum, portion of blood.
Intravenous fluids solutions infused into a client's vein.
Ions substances that carry either a positive or negative electrical charge.
Isotonic solution solution that contains the same concentration of dissolved substances as normally found in plasma.
Needleless systems equipment that eliminates the need for needles.
Nonelectrolytes chemical compounds that remain bound together when dissolved in solution.
Osmosis process that regulates the distribution of water.
Oxygen therapeutics fluids that when transfused carry and distribute oxygen to cells, tissues and organs; also known as blood substitutes.
Parenteral nutrition nutrients, such as proteins, carbs, fats, vitamins, minerals and trace element, which are administered intravenously.
Passive diffusion Physiologic process in which dissolved substances, such as electrolytes and gases, move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane.
Peripheral parenteral nutrition isotonic or hypotonic intravenous nutrient solution instilled in a vein from the heart.
Phlebitis inflammation of a vein.
Port sealed opening.
Pulmonary embolus blood clot that travels to the lung.
Third-spacing movement of intravascular fluid to nonvascular fluid compartments, where it becomes trapped and useless.
Thrombus formation development of a stationary blood clot.
Total parenteral nutrition hypertonic solution of nutrients designed to meet almost all the caloric and nutritional needs of clients.
Venipuncture accessing the venous system by piercing a vein with a needle.
Volumetric controller electronic infusion device that instills intravenous solutions by gravity.
Created by: Jessica Venyke
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