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Reproduction and Gen
Reproduction and Genetics for the 7th grade.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Asexual Reproduction | (of reproduction) Not involving the fusion of gametes. |
| Sexual Reproduction | The production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types (sexes). |
| Fertillization | The action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. |
| Trait | A distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person. |
| Gene | (in technical use) a distinct sequence of nucleotides forming part of a chromosome, the order of which determines the order of monomers in a polypeptide or nucleic acid molecule which a cell (or virus) may synthesize. |
| Inheritance | The process by which an offspring cell or organism acquires or becomes predisposed to characteristics of its parent cell or organism. |
| Allele | An allele is one of the possible forms of a gene. |
| Heredity | Heredity, also called inheritance or biological inheritance, is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring. |
| Dominant Allele | An allele that produces the same phenotype whether its paired allele is identical or different. |
| Recessive Allele | An allele that produces its characteristic phenotype only when its paired allele is identical. |
| Probability | Probability is used to measure the chances or likelihood of an event to occur, a hypothesis being correct, or a scientific prediction being true. |
| Genotype | The genotype determines the hereditary potentials and limitations of an individual from embryonic formation through adulthood. |
| Phenotype | Phenotype, all the observable characteristics of an organism that result from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. |
| Chromosomes | A structure in all living cells that consists of a single molecule of DNA bonded to various proteins and that carries the genes determining heredity. |
| Cell Cycle | The cell cycle is a cycle of stages that cells pass through to allow them to divide and produce new cells. |
| Pedigree | A pedigree is a diagram that depicts the biological relationships between an organism and its ancestors. |
| Meosis | In biology, meiosis is the process by which one diploid eukaryotic cell divides to generate four haploid cells often called gametes. |
| Chromatids | each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA. |
| Mitosis | In cell biology, mitosis is a part of the cell cycle when replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. |
| DNA | DNA is a double helix, while RNA is a single helix. |
| Protein Synthesis | Protein synthesis is a process of creating protein molecules. |
| Messenger Rna | Messenger RNA is a large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression. |
| Tranfer Rna | Transfer ribonucleic acid is a type of RNA molecule that helps decode a messenger RNA sequence into a protein. |
| Genetic Selection | Genetic selection is the process by which certain traits become more prevalent in a species than other traits. |
| Genetic Engineering | The deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material. |
| Gene Therapy | Gene therapy is an experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease. |
| Clone | A clone is a group of identical cells that share a common ancestry, meaning they are derived from the same cell. |
| Genome | The haploid set of chromosomes in a gamete or microorganism, or in each cell of a multicellular organism. |
Created by:
Julian Mcke