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7Blue IE CH1
Plate Tectonics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mantle | A layer of hot rock |
| Asthenosphere | The part of the mantle that is made of soft rock that bends like plastic |
| Inner Core | A dense ball of solid metal |
| Radiation | The transfer of energy through empty space |
| Convection Currents | Heat transfer within a fluid |
| Continental Drift | The continents were once joined together in a single landmass and have since drifted apart |
| Pangaea | The name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago |
| Fossil | Any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock |
| Mid-ocean ridge | Forms at a divergent boundary between two oceanic plates |
| Sonar | Technology used by scientists in the mid-1900s to map the ocean floors |
| Subduction | The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a continental plate and back into the mantle |
| Plate tectonics | The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion |
| Rift Valley | Forms at a divergent boundary between two continental plates |
| Sea-floor spreading | Molten material rises from the mantle and erupts along mid-ocean ridges |
| Mountain range | Occurs at a convergent boundary between two continental plates |
| Heat transfer | The transfer of energy from an object of higher temperature to one of lower temperature |
| Transform boundary | A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions |
| Harry Hess | Proposed the process of sea-floor spreading in 1960 |
| Magnetic Striping | Alternating magnetic bands on the ocean floor providing evidence for sea-floor spreading |
| Glomar Challenger | Drilling ship that obtained core samples used to determine the age of the ocean floor |
| Core samples | Used to determine that the ocean floor is older the further it is from the mid-ocean ridge |
| Deep Ocean Trench | Forms at a convergent boundary between an oceanic plate and a continental plate |
| Deep Ocean Trench | Forms at a convergent boundary between two oceanic plates |
| Earth quakes | Event that often occurs along transform plate boundaries |
| Density | The physical property that determines which plate subducts |
| Convection Currents | Process that occurs in the asthenosphere, thought to be responsible for plate movement |
| Mid-ocean ridge | The longest chain of mountains on the earth |
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