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Biology Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell | any of various small compartments or bounded areas forming part of a whole. |
| Cell theory | a basic tenet of modern biology, first stated by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann in 1838–39, that cells are the basic units of structure and function in living organisms. |
| Organelle(s) | a specialized part of a cell having some specific function; a cell organ. |
| Organism | form of life considered as an entity; an animal, plant, fungus, protista, or monera. |
| Cytology | the study of the microscopic appearance of cells, especially for the diagnosis of abnormalities and malignancies. |
| Nucleus | a mass of nerve cells in the brain or spinal cord in which nerve fibers form connections. |
| Diffusion | act of diffusing; state of being diffused. |
| Osmosis | Physical Chemistry, Cell Biology. |
| Active transport | Active transport the movement of ions or molecules across a cellular membrane from a lower to a higher concentration, requiring the consumption of energy. |
| Phagocytosis | Any cell, as a macro phage, that ingests and destroys foreign particles, bacteria, and cell debris. |
| Pinocytosis | a pyrimidine base, C4H5N3O, that is one of the fundamental components of DNA and RNA, in which it forms a base pair with guanine. |
| Semi-permeable | only to certain small molecules. |
| Mitochondria | an organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that functions in energy production. |
| Ribosome(s) | a tiny, somewhat mitten-shaped organelle occurring in great numbers in the cell cytoplasm either freely, in small clusters, or attached to the outer surfaces of endoplasmic reticula, and functioning as the site of protein manufacture. |
| Cell wall | the definite boundary or wall that is part of the outer structure of certain cells, as a plant cell. |
| Viruses | an ultramicroscopic (20 to 300 nm in diameter), metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts, mainly bacteria, plants, and animals: composed of an RNA or DNA core, a protein coat, and, in more complex types, |
| Centriole(s) | a small, cylindrical cell organelle, seen near the nucleus in the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, that divides in perpendicular fashion during mitosis, the new pair of centrioles moving ahead of the spindle to opposite poles of the cell as the cell di |
| Chloroplast(s) | a plastic containing chlorophyll. |
| Phylum | the primary subdivision of a taxonomic kingdom, grouping together all classes of organisms that have the same body plan. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | a network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell, occurring either with a smooth surface (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) or studded with ribosomes. |
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selinne
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