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Transcription_
Molecular Bio: Transcription
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| DNA Poly binds to RNA Primer. So where does RNA Poly bind? | "Promoter" region |
| How far upstream is RNA "Promoter" regions? (upstream from actual coding DNA) | usually -10 & -35. (the first coding region is called "+1"...there is not "0") |
| Which part of the nucleus forms mRNA, tRNA, rRNA? | mRNA, tRNA = made in euchromatin. rRNA = nucleolus |
| Which side of the DNA does RNA Poly act on: Template strand or Coding strand? | Template strand |
| What is the significance of Coding strand of DNA? | It is a replica of the RNA being formed (except you must replace the T's with U's) |
| If template strand of DNA is 5'-AGTGC-3' , what is the synthesized RNA? | 5'-GCACU-3' (remember RNA Poly always reads 3'-->5', and synthesizes 5'-->3') |
| Does Promoter region get transcribed? | Hellz no. TRX begins at +1 |
| Where are untranslated regions (UTR) located on DNA and RNA? | Usually right before and right after coding region: --[promoter]--(+1)UTR-{coding region}-UTR-- |
| What important element is present in the first UTR in prokaryotes? What is its importance? | Shane Delgarno Sequence; it is the sequence on mRNA that the ribosome look for to start Translation (protein synthesis) |
| What element is present in the second UTR (the UTR after the coding region)of prokaryotes? | GC-rich hairpin loop and TTTTTT (UUUUU in the actual RNA). |
| Transcription ends before or after GC rich + TTTTT region of DNA template in prokaryotes? | TRX ends after these elements. They are present in the transcribed UTR as GC loop + UUUUUU of RNA. |
| In bacteria (prokaryotes) is there post-TRX processing? | NO. Only eukaryotic TRX has post-TRX processing. |
| In eukaryotes, which segment is expressed: exon or intron? | Exons are expressed. Introns are intervening. Ex->ex, Int->int |
| What is present in the first UTR of eukaryotes? | Nothing |
| What is present in second UTR of eukaryotes? | AAUAAA (a signal for Poly-A tail addition) |
| What are the promoters for eukaryotic TRX? | TATA box (-25) and CAAT box (-70). TRX factors bind these. |
| What are the 3 steps of post transcriptional modification of eukaryotic RNA? Where do they occur? | Methyl Cap on 5' end, Poly-A tail on 3' end, Splicing of introns by snRNA. All steps in nucleus. |
| What is the eukaryotic RNA called before modifications? | Primary transcript |
| What is eukaryotic RNA called after methyl cap? | hnRNA |
| What is eukaryotic called after modifications complete? | mRNA |
| What do ribosomes look for on eukaryotic mRNA to begin TRL? | 5' methyl cap |
| Exon/Intron alternative splicing means 1 gene can form _____ proteins. | multiple |
| prokaryotic ribosomes are 70s = ___S and ___S. Which of these recognizes Shane Delgarno? | 50S and 30S. 30 S recognizes Shane Delgarno |
| eukaryotic ribosomes are 80s = ___S and ___S. Which of these recognizes methyl cap? | 60S and 40S. 40S recognizes methyl cap |
| Which is the smallest RNA? | tRNA |
| AA attaches to what end of tRNA? What is this end known as? | 3' end. called "CCA" end. |
| what is purpose of modified bases of tRNA? | alter the shape of tRNA so it stays in place in ribosome |
| Anticodon of tRNA pairs with codon sequence of __RNA? | mRNA (being held in ribosome) |
| mRNA is created by which RNA Poly? | RNA Poly II |
| rRNA is created by which RNA Poly? | RNA poly I |
| tRNA is created by which RNA Poly? | RNA Poly III |
Created by:
jsad
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