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Rheumatology-Skin
Rx Review Musculoskeletal and Skin R 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| To which portion of the hand does the Median nerve provide cutaneous sensation? | Palmar side between the PIP and DIP joints of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 1/2 of the 4th digit. |
| What nerve provides sensation over the Thenar muscles? | Median Nerve |
| What area of the dorsum of the and is innervated by the Median nerve? | The top half tohe the index, median, and 1/2 of the 4th digit. |
| What nerve roots are damaged in Erb Palsy with Waiter's tip arm? | C5 and C6 (upper trunk) of the brachial plexus |
| Which muscle is innervated by the C5-C6 brachial plexus nerve roots? | Teres minor muscle |
| Nerve roots C8-T1 cause damage to which muscle? | Flexor carpi ulnaris |
| Damage to the flexor carpi ulnaris presents with? | Hand paralysis (affects C8-T1) |
| The inability to make a FIST may be due to: | Injury to the Flexor digitorum superficialis, by damaging the C8-T1 nerve brachial roots |
| Damage to the C6 - C8 nerve roots of the brachial plexus is seen with: | - Damage to the Thoracodorsal nerve - Inability to ADDuct and Medially rotate the arm |
| Damage to the CN XI causes what muscle injury? | Trapezius |
| Injury to the Trapezius muscle is seen clinically with? | Inability to SHRUG the ipsilateral shoulder. MCC by damage to cranial nerve 11. |
| What nerve roots compose the the Long Thoracic nerve? | C5, C6, and C7. |
| What common surgery is highly associated with injury to the Long Thoracic nerve? | Mastectomies |
| What is the clinical presentation of injury to the Long Thoracic Nerve? | 1. Impair anchoring of scapula against the thoracic cage, leading to inability to ABDuct the arm ABOVE the horizontal position 2. Damage to the Serratus anterior |
| What nerve is injured or affected by damage to the Long Thoracic nerve? | Serratus anterior muscle |
| What is the pathogenesis of Staphylococcal Scalded syndrome? | Epidermis separates from the STRATUM GRANULOSUM as a result of binding epidermolytic toxins A and B to Desmoglein-1 (desmosomes) in this layer. |
| Histology presents a small, round blue cell, or primitive neuroectodermal tumor cells in a 15 yo white male. Dx? | Ewing Sarcoma |
| What translocation is associated with Ewing Sarcoma? | t(11;22) |
| "Onion-skinning" of the periosteum is seen with: | Ewing Sarcoma |
| What is the gross description of histology in Basal cell carcinoma of the skin? | Pearly borders and fine telangiectasias |
| Which skin cancer is seen with Palisading nuclei and islands of tumor cells? | Basal cell carcinoma |
| What is the most commonly referred COX-2 inhibitor? | Celecixib |
| What is selectively decrease by the use of COX-2 inhibitors? | PGI2 levels |
| The use of COX-2 inhibitors cause: | Unopposed actions of TXA2 (prothrombotic) ---> increased risk of acute coronary syndrome and other thrombotic events. |
| Where in the cell is Cardiolipin found? | In the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane |
| What conditions are (+) for Anticardiolipin antibodies? | Syphilis and SLE |
| Where is Phosphatidylcholine found? | Phospholipid found in Myelin sheaths of neurons |
| What is the presentation of Atopic dermatitis? | Severe pruritus, xerosis, and red maculopapular rash |
| What is the most common treatment for Atopic dermatitis? | Applying emollients and moisturizing creams |
| What is the MCC of Atopic dermatitis? | Defective Filaggrin protein --> impairment of tight junctions. |
| The defective Filaggrin protein in Atopic dermatitis causes: | Disruption of the Stratum CORNEUM ---> loss of transepithelial and inflammation. |
| What is the the MC use of Pilocarpine? | Treatment and management of Sjogren's syndrome |
| What is another, more common, name for Atopic dermatitis? | Eczema |
| Benign cutaneous neoplasm, with a "stuck-on" appearance, stable, and well-demarqued dark pigmented lesion, seems to be appearing in a elderly patient. Dx? | Seborrheic Keratosis |
| What is Lichen Planus? | Purple, planar papules and plaques. |
| What conditions are associated with Lichen Planus? | UC, Vitiligo, Dermatomyositis, and Myasthenia gravis. |
Created by:
rakomi