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Soil Review

QuestionAnswer
A type of rock made from sediments that have been glued together Sedimentary
A type of rock that has been formed from cooled magma or lava Igneous
A rock formed when another rock is changed by heat & pressure deep under Earth’s surface Metamorphic
The practice of planting different crops each year Crop Rotation
The uppermost layer of soil; rich in nutrients and organic matter Topsoil
The largest particle size in soil Sand
The smallest particle size in soil Clay
The process when sediment is carried away, or moved from one place to another Erosion
The process when sediment is pressed and glued together to form sedimentary rock compaction & cementation
What are the 4 stages that form sedimentary rock? Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, and Cementation
What is soil? A mixture of weathered rock, air, water, and organic matter
The process where rocks are broken down Weathering
Layers of soil that are different in color & texture from the layers above & below it Soil Horizons
A solid layer of rock; the parent rock in which all soil comes from Bedrock
When rocks are dissolved or the composition is changed Chemical Weathering
When rocks are physically broken down into smaller pieces Mechanical Weathering
What are the characteristics of good soil? Dark, loose, lots of organic matter. Contains some clay & silt to retain water, but also sand to help drain excess water.
How do most nutrients get into the soil? Decaying plants & animals (Organic Matter)
How do larger particle sizes affect the properties of soil? Gritty Texture, allows water to drain, does not hold water.
How do smaller particle sizes affect the properties of soil? Smooth, Silky Texture, retains water and does not allow it to drain as well
Created by: jfakins
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