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Chapter 4
PBSC Cells BSC1005 259323 CONCEPTS IN BIOLOGY
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ______ proteins are "self" markers that indicates the cell belongs to that organism. | Recognition |
| Which region of the phospholipid molecule is hydrophyllic? | The Glycerol Head |
| A cell with an internal salt concentration of 0.1% salt is placed in a solution of 2% salt solution. Which way will water move, into or out of the cell? | Out of the cell. |
| The framework inside a cell which keeps it from collapsing in on itself. | The Cytoskeleton |
| The heart has ______ proteins for adrenaline which increases the heart's rate of contraction when bound. | Surface |
| The process a cell uses to bring particles into the cell by pinching off a small circle of membrane to form a vesicle enclosing the particles. | Endocytosis |
| _____ proteins bind chemicals in the cell's outside environment and regulate processes within the cell. | Receptor |
| Which region of the phospholipid molecule is hydrophobic? | Fatty Acid Tails |
| Equal solute concentrations. | isotonic |
| Does diffusion move molecules down or up the concentration gradient? | Down |
| The organelle which functions to transport and package proteins after they are made. It is dotted with ribosomes. | The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) |
| The ______ _______ is a unifying theory in biology which states that all living things are composed of cells and all cells arise from pre-existing cells. | Cell Theory |
| This is the title for the model which describes the fluid nature of the phospholipids of the plasma membrane and the proteins dotting the surface. | Fluid-Mosaic Model |
| This is the diffusion of water. | Osmosis |
| The simple cell type, which does not contain organelles. | Prokaryotic |
| The double lipid bilayer which defines the nucleus. | The Nuclear Membrane |
| ______ proteins on the cell membrane may speed up reactions. | Enzymatic |
| The complex cell type which contains organelles. | Eukaryotic |
| The organelle which functions as the final site for processing of proteins. | Golgi Complex |
| A specialized form of exocytosis whereby compounds made by the cell are released into the surrounding tissue. | Secretion |
| Small sacs (circles) of membrane are called _______. | vesicles |
| The organelle which is the site of protein synthesis. | The Ribosome |
| The organelle which is the site of photosynthesis in plants. | The Chloroplast |
| The term for membranes which allow some molecules to pass through while blocking passage of other molecules. | Selective Permeability |
| A cell with an internal salt concentration of 0.1% salt is placed in a solution of 2% salt solution. Is the solution surrounding the cell considered hypotonic or hypertonic? | The solution surrounding the cell is considered hypertonic . |
| This is a special type of exocytosis whereby compounds made by the cell are released into the surrounding tissues. | Secretion |
| The dark mass inside the nucleus which is the site of ribosomal subunit assembly. | The Nucleolus |
| This method of moving molecules across the membrane uses proteins embedded in the membrane, and uses ATP energy to move molecules against (up) the concentration gradient. | Active Transport |
| When the solute concentration is greater. | Hypertonic |
| The organelle which houses the DNA (chromosomes) . | The Nucleus |
| In a solution consisting of salt dissolved in water, which is the solute? | salt |
| The process whereby vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane and are able to "dump" the contents to the outside of the cell. | Exocytosis |
| How many layers of phospholipids are in a typical plasma (cell) membrane? | TWO (a bilayer) |
| The large space inside plant cells where water and glucose are stored. | Central Vacuole |
| The oganelle which is the site of aerobic respiration - also known as the "powerhouse" of the cell. | The Mitochondria |
| Is the glycerol head of a phospholipid molecule polar or non-polar? | Polar |
| These plasma membrane proteins penetrate through the phospholipid bilayer from one side to the other. They can act as gates or channels. | Transmembrane |
| Name 4 items that involve vesicles. | Endocytosis, Exocytosis, Secretion, Lysosomes |
| The organelle which functions to transport and package lipids and other molecules after they are made. | The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| This method of moving molecules across the membrane uses proteins embedded in the membrane, but does not use ATP energy. It also moves molecules down the concentration gradient. | Passive Transport |
| These plasma membrane proteins reside only on the inner or outer side of the membrane. | Surface |
| When the solute concentration is less. | Hypotonic |
| Organelles known as "digestive sacs". | Lysosomes |
| Another name for passive transport. | Facilitated Diffusion |
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