Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Patho review final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Whats is hepatitis A | A fecal to oral |
| cholelithiasis | Gallbladder disorder gallstones |
| Dysphagia | Difficult swallowing |
| Periodic reflex of gastric contents | GERD |
| Color,odor, blood, proten , cloudy , straw color | Urinalysis |
| Serum amylase elevated | Acute pancreatitis |
| Blood moves from an implanted shunt or catheter in an artery to machine In hospital, dialysis, home | Hemodialysis |
| Etiology of hepatitis | Alcohol, std, toxicity, sell injury fatty liver , inflammation of liver |
| Jaundice | Yellowish color of the skin high level of bilirubin in blood |
| Hydrocephalus | Fetal development excess CSF accumulates within the skull |
| Shingles (herper zoster) | Nervous years after chicken pox painful skin lesions |
| Etiology meningitis | Pathogen meningitis bacterial, neural tube defect, strepoc carried nasopharnyx resp droplets |
| Meningitis treatment | Aggesive antimicrobial therapy glucoccorticodes Vaccines |
| Cerebal Aneurysms | Localized dilation or weakness in the artery wall. In the bifurcation Were branches occurs |
| Cerebral Aneurysms. S/S | Headache , photophobia , Nuchal rigidity |
| Treatments for cerebral Aneurysms | Before rupture can be treated surgically asap by clipping |
| Rheumatic Fever | Abnormal immune reaction afew weeks after untreated streptoccus infection |
| Nephrosclerosis | Changes in the kidneys thicken and harden the walls |
| Nephrosclerosis treatment | Antiphyertensive agent diuretic ace beta blocker |
| Glomerulonephritis | Present of antistreptococal antibodies |
| Glomerulonephritis s/s | Urine dark coffee color , facal periorbital edema , bp elevate flank back pain, oliguria |
| Glomerulonephritis treatment | Sodium restrictions , glucoccorticodes, aninflammatory and antiphyertensive agent |
| Urolithiasis | Calculi of kidney stones |
| Etiology of urolithiasis | Uric acid remained Calcium in urin elevated parathyroid, medobolic sisordees |
| Treatment for kidney stones | Urin pass, shock wave lithotripay,surgery, prevent risk factora |
| BPH benign prostatic Hypertrophy | Men 60+ hyperplasia of the prostate tissue with formation of nodules surrounding the urethra |
| BPH s/s | Obstruction of urinary flow, hesitancy , dribbling , and decreased forced , noctura ,uti |
| Pelvic inflammatory disease | In infection of the reproductive fallopan tube , overies STD , iud,illegal abortion |
| Pelvic inflammatory disease s/s | Pain increase intensive , peritenitis, tenderness during pelvic exam ,purulent discharge |
| Cancer of the teste. Etology | Majority maligant 15-35 hereditary chromosome 12, possible infection or trauma |
| Chlamydial infection, gonorrhea | |
| Urinary tract infection | Pyelonephritis (kidneys) , cystitis (bladder), urethritis (urethra) |
| S/s uti | Hyperactive bladder pain in pelvic area , urgency , nocturia fever, malaise, cloudy urine, odor |
| TestIcular cancer test and tx | Ultra sound, CT, lymphangiography Surgery redation |
| BPT tx | Avodar flomax, prosvar, cardura |
| STD | |
| Endometriosis | Presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, fiber tissue , congenital , ectopic |
| S/s of Endometriosi. Tx | Dyspareunia , pain throught out menses, painful intercourse Tx hormonal suppression , pain relief, surgery |
| S/s of cystic fibrosis | Meconium ileus, salty skin, frequent respiratory infections , steatorrhea,failure to gain weight |
| Etiology of cystic fibrosis | Inherited disorder. Autosomal recessive, history white men |
| Tx for cystic fibrosis | Replace enzymes, diet, intensive chest physiotherapy , bronhodilators , exercise |
| Upper respiratory tract infections | Commom cold, sinusitis,croup , epiglottitis |
| Lower respiratory tract infections | Bronchiolc (rsv), pneumonia, tb |
| Pneumonia | Acute infections in the lungs, tissue resistance is reduced |
| Copd-Chronic obstructive lung disease | Emphysema, Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, |
| Influenza (flu) | Viral infection (antiviral agent) Fatige aching pain in body Prevent vaccine, respiratory hygiene |
| Epiglottitis | Infection from a bacterial organism that cause swelling of larynx epiglottitis causing obstructing , drooling , inspiratiry stridor |
| S/s of respiratory disorder | Sneezing, coughing, sputum Yellow green-infection Rusty- pneumonia Foul odor -bronchiectasis Thick - asthma, cystic fibrosis Hemoptysis- blood tinged |
| Hyperventilating | Hypercapnia increace carbon dioxide Respiratory acidosis |
| Ventilation | Air moves from high pressure to low Inspiration- air moved from atmosphere to lung Expirat4- air moves from lungs to atmosphere |
| Cerebrovascular accidents | Stroke infarction of brain tissue result for lack or block |
| Sclerosis | Abnormal Hardening of vessels or tissue |
| Cva stroke treatment | Clot busting , surgery, glucoccorticodes, rehab |
| Level of conscience | Glasgow coma scale |
| Increase Intercranial pressure | Brain haemorrhage, trama , cerebral edema abnormal circulation csf |
| S/s of Increase interacranial pressure | Lethargy sever headach vomiting project, pupill ebema increased bp and heart rate |
| S/S of chf left side | Pulmonary congestion , fatigue , weakness , sob tachycardia , oliguria |
| Young children with chf | Difficulties of one time feeding , tripod position |
| Myocardial infarction | Coronary artery is totally obstructed Thrombus , vasospasm |
| Paritoneal dialysis | Done out patient done during night, catheter with entry Dialyzing fluid Gravity |
| BPH | Obstructed urinary flow , hesitancy in starting, bribbling , decreased flow , increased , urgency |
| BPH tx medication | Avodart, flomax proscar, cardura |
| Lipid | Low density -lipoprotein LDL Atheroma contributing High density lipoprotein HDL |
| Etiology of CVA | Dm, hpt, lupus, erythematosus, atherosclerosis , history, obstructive , sleep apnea , oral contraception , cognitive smoke |
| Dialysis | Provides filtration & Sustains life during kidney failure End stage renal failure |
| Diabetes mellitus | Inadequate insulin abnormal carbohydrates , protein and fat metabolism |
| S/s of dm 1 | Hunge. Fatigue, thirst, polyuria , |
| Type 2 dm s/s | Weight gain, polyuria polydipsia, polyphagia Diabetic ketoacidosis |
| Testing for dm | Fasting bloos glucose , HbA1c test , capillary blood from finger |
| Meiosis | is a special type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half. Or to add 23 + 23 |
| Deficit in ADH , head injury or surgery , neurohyopophysis glucos not present in urine | |
| Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone syndrom | Excessive ADH antidiuretic hormone Causing hyponatremia low n+ Mental confusion |
| Treatment for SIADH | Sidium supplement Diuretic |
| Hyperthyroidism (graves diseases) | Increase t3 t4 hypermetabolism Giiter, exopthalmos Tx by iodine or surgery |
| Hypothyroidism | Myedema facal tonue hpt hypoglycemia, hypothermia, |
| Adrenal cortex cushing syndrome | Excess of glucoccorticodes , moon face bs , retention of sodium, Elevated blood sugar |
| Adrenal cortex (addison disease) tx | Replace of all necessary hormones |
| Glaucoma | Increase interocular pressure cause by an excess accumulation of aqueous humor / halos |
| Narrow angle glaucoma | Acute if sever may require surgery to open an passageway for drainage |
| Wide angle / open angle | Degenerative disorder |
| Macular degeneration | Age related macular degeneration vision loos in older people, center blurry |
| Cataracts | When the normally clear lens become cloudy and interference with light |
| Meniere syndrom | Inner ear labyrinth excess fluid |
| Renal failure | Oliguria and serum urea( waist product) |
| Otosclerosis | Blockage, imbalance in bone formation ,surgery, prostosis |
| Otitis media | Inflammatory or infections of middle ear , along nasopharnyx |
| Angina pectoris | Deficit of oxygen to meet myocardial needs |
| Atherosclerosis test tx | Serum lipid level Weight loss , lower ldl , control hpt , smoking cessation |
| Etiology atherosclerosis | Obesity , poor control of hpt , oral contraception |
| Test for cardiovascular functions | X ray, angiography, doppler , blood test , abg |
| Congestive heart failure | Heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood or metabolic demands |
| Tx for mycardial infarction | Reduce cardiac demands, oxygen, analgesic, anticoagulant, thrombus agent |
| Drug therapy for cardiac disorder | Vasodialater, betablockers, calcium channel blockers digoxin |
| Arteriosclerosis | Arterial changes - degenerative , loss of elasticity, narrowing , obstructed , causing elevated bp |
| Atherosclerosis | Atheromas in large arteries plaques, calcium, clot |
| Angiogenesis | Process by which new blood vessels form allowing the delivery of oxygen and nutrients good to creat tumor |
| Prognosis | Cancer free 5 yrs survival without recurrence |
| Local effects of tumors | Pain if late stage, obstruction, restrict blood flow, air flow Tissue necrosis |
| Adverse effects of radiation | Bone marrow depression, epithelial cell damage , infertility, fatigue and lethargy |
| Spread of malignant tumors | Invasion- local spread adjacent tissue Mastastasis - spread distal |
| Carcinoma | Malignant tumors |
| Test for cancer | Early detection, self exam, blood test , radiography,ultrasound, biopsy |
| - oma | Benign tumors |
| Stages of carcinogens is | Initiating - firse irreversible change dna Exposure- to promote less differentiation dysplasia or anaplasia |
| Bening tumor | Differented cell reproduce at high rate , |
| Neoplasm or tumor | Cellular growth that prolong responce , normal genetic control deprive other cell nutrients |
| Adverse effects of chemo | Bone marrow depress Nausea, epithelial damage ( hair loss) damage specific area |
| Ovarian cancer | Silent tumors Obesity, early meniarche , late pregnancy, contraception |
| Carcinoma of the cervix | HPV Vaccines , papsmers , early detection |
| Hypoparathroidism | Hypocalcemia affect nerve and muscle functions, weak cardiace muscle |
| Hyperparathyroid | Hyeprcalcemia Adenoma hyperplasia secobdary to renal failure , kidney stones, osteoporosis |
| Cholelithiasis gallbladder disorder | Solid material calculi that form in bile |
| S/s of chf right side | Edema feet, legs, buttock |
| Angina tx | Rest stop, sit up, nitroglycerin, check bp, administrators 02 |
| Tetraplegia | quadriplegia, is paralysis that affect of all four limbs |
| Embryo | Day 15 and 8 weeks |
| Fetus | 8 weeks unitl birth |
| Abdominal obesity and high fat diets | Dm 2 |
| Ascites, abdominal fluid ,Peripheral edema, Varicose veins | liver scolrosis |
| Vaginal bleeding woman pass menopause | Uterine cancer |
| Bone marrow depression Cemo/ radiation | Wbc luckocytosis Rbc anemia Platelets bleeding brusing |
| Autosomal dominant | One parent give u bad gene |
| Autosomal recessive disorder | Both parent must pass on defective gene |
| Trisomy 21 | Down syndrome Advance maternal age |
| X linked | Female is carriers but males get the disorder |
| Teratogenic | Chemicals drugs to embro causing harm |
| Organogenesis | phase of embryonic development that starts at the end of gastrulation and continues until birth. |
| An autosomal recessive disorde | two copies of an abnormal gene must be present in order for the disease or trait to develop sickle cell , systic fibrosis. |
| autosomal dominant disease, | An abnormal gene from only one parent. Often, one of the parents may also have the disease. |
Created by:
Antoinette813
Popular Nursing sets