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rock cycle
chapter 2, section 3, 4,
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| extrusive rock | an igneous rock formed from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface |
| intrusive rock | an igneous rock that formed when magma hardened beneath the surface of the Earth |
| how do geologists classify igneous rocks? | by their origin, texture, and mineral composition |
| what is the most common intrusive rock? | granite |
| what is the most common extrusive rock? | basalt |
| rapidly cooling lava forms _______-________ igneous rocks with small crystals or no crystals at al | fine- grained |
| slowly cooling magma forms ______-______ rocks with large crystals | coarse- grained |
| lava that is low in silica usually forms ____-_______ rocks such as basalt | dark- colored |
| magma that is high in silica usually forms _____-_______ rocks such as granite | light- colored |
| granite's mineral composition determines it's _____, which can be light grey, red, or pink | color |
| many igneous rocks are _____, ________, an ____________. | hard, dense, and durable |
| Egyptians used _______ to build statues. | granite |
| ______ can be used for cobblestones | basalt |
| the rough surface makes ______ a good abrasive for cleaning and polishing | pumice |
| ____________ was used to make sharp tools for scraping and cutting. | obsidian |
| obsidian cools very quickly, without forming ________ | crystals |
| _________ is often mixed with sol and used for starting vegetable seeds | perlite |
| sediment | small, solid pieces of material that comes from rocks or living things |
| weathering | the effects of freezing and thawing, plant roots, acid, and other forces on rock |
| erosion | the process by which running water, wind, or ice carry away bits of broken- up rock |
| deposition | the process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it |
| compaction | the process that presses sediment together |
| cementation | the process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together |
| clastic rock | a sedimentary rock formed when rock fragments are squeezed together |
| organic rock | forms where the remains of plants and animals are deposited in layers |
| chemical rock | forms when minerals dissolved in a water solution crystallize |
| ____________ _______ form when sediment is deposited by water and wind | sedimentary rocks |
| most sedimentary rocks are made up of ______ ______ of other rocks. | broken pieces |
Created by:
Giana.gabriel
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