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BioSci Lab 1/2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Taxon | group or level of organization into which organisms are classified |
| Cells | Fundamental structural, functional, and reproductive units of life |
| Levels of Organisation | - protoplasmic - cell - tissue - organ - organ system - multi-cellular organisms |
| Taxonomy | Involves the scientific naming and grouping of organisms based on their position in their Kingdoms (Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia) |
| Goals of Taxonomy | 1. sort out closely related organisms 2. grouping species into larger groups |
| Hierarchical Model | Each group becomes more exclusive and more specific as you move from Kingdom to Species |
| King | Kingdom |
| Phillip | Phylum |
| Came | Class |
| Over | Order |
| For | Family |
| Ginger | Genus |
| Snaps | Species |
| Two characteristics that must be present in a group of animals for them to be considered their own species | 1. same species are capable of interpenetrating and fertile to produce offspring 2. reproductively isolated from other species |
| Binomial Nomenclature | Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name (Genus and Species) |
| Parts of a Cell | - cell membrane - nucleus - cytoplasm - endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - golgi apparatus - mitochondria |
| Cell Membrane | Semi-permeable membrane surrounding the cell |
| Nucleus | A part of the cell containing DNA, also has semi-permeable membrane |
| Cytoplasm | Cell fluid which holds organelles |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Makes proteins (rough ER) and fats/steroids (smooth ER) |
| Golgi Apparatus | Moves proteins/cell products through the cell, can release outside of the cell |
| Mitochondria | Energy creation, there can be more than one |
| Scientific Name | The name given to each species, consisting of its genus and its species label |
| Genus and Species Name is Always... | Underlined or italicised |
| Genus Name is Always... | Capitalised on the first letter |
| Species Name is Always... | Lowercase |
| All Living Things... | - eat - excrete - respire - osmoregulate - reproduce |
| Cilia | Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion |
| Commensalism (+/0) | Interaction that benefits one species, no effect on the other |
| Eukrayote | A membrane-bound cell that has a nucleus and has organelles |
| Flagella | Whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement |
| Magnification | Increase in perceived size of diameter of an object |
| MultiCellular | Organisms composed of many cells (animal/plant/fungi) |
| Mutualism (+/+) | Interaction that benefits both species |
| Objective | Objective lens |
| Ocular | Eyepiece |
| Parasitism (+/-) | One organism benefits and the other is harmed |
| Phylum Amoebozoa | - use pseudopodia to feeding and locomotion - can be free-living or parasitic - AMOEBA |
| Phylum Chorophyta | - one or more flagella - VOLVOX (colonial) |
| Phylum Ciliophora | - have cilia - two types of nuclei: macro and micro - PARAMECIUM & STENTOR |
| Phylum Euglenozoa | - move using flagella - 2 sub-phylums - parasitic |
| Protists | - single celled - have organelles, no organs - protoplasmic level of organisation |
| Protists can be in _____ relationships with other organisms | Symbotic |
| Protists Definition | A single-celled organism lacking a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles |
| Pseudopodia | Temporary extension of the cytoplasm of an amoeboid cell for movement and feeding |
| Resolution | Ability to tell 2 closely placed object apart |
| Subphylum Euglenida | - two flagella with different structures - EUGLENA |
| Subphylum Kinetoplasta | - one or two flagella - TRYPANOSOMA |
| Total Magnification | Ocular x Objective |
| Unicellular | A single celled organism (protists/bacteria) |
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2065626050205871
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