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Exam Three: Actions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acetazolamide | slows movement of hydrogen ions = more na+ and hco3 excreted making blood more acidic and urine more alkalosis |
| Bumetanide/Furosemide | more potent form that blocks cl- pump = excretes na+ and cl- preventing reabsorption |
| castor oil | chemically stimulates reflexes of the gi tract causing inc activity and movement of intestines |
| cimetidine | reduction in gastric acid secretion and pepsin |
| doxazosin | blocks alpha one receptors dilating blood vessels, relaxes bladder/prostate muscles |
| finasteride | blocks the hormone (dht) that causes growth of the prostate, prevents the prostate from getting larger |
| hydrocholorothiazide | blocks cl- pump = excretes na+ and cl- preventing reabsorption |
| laxatives | direct chemical stimulation of the gi tract (castor oil), production of bulk or increased fluid in the lumen (mag citrate/psyllium), lubrication of the intestinal bolus to promote passage through the gi tract (mineral oil) |
| loperamide | slows the motility of the gi through action on the lining of the gi |
| magnesium citrate | cause fecal matter to inc in bulk, pulls fluid into feces, stretches wall causing stimulation and gi movement |
| mannitol | pulls h2o into renal tubule w/out add'l na+ loss, increases osmolarity of blood and renal filtrate |
| metoclopramide | stimulates parasympathetic activity in gi tract inc secretions and motility |
| mineral oil | helps content move more smoothly inc viscosity of feces, causes difficulty with water absorbtion from fecal bolus |
| non-phenothiazine metoclopramide | reduces the responsiveness of the nerve cells in the ctz to circulating chemicals that induce vomiting |
| omeprazole | act at specific secretory surface receptors to prevent the final step of acid production which dec. the level of acid in the stomach |
| ondansetron | block the receptors associated with nausea and vomiting in the ctz and locally |
| oxybutynin | blocks parasympathetic spasms of ut muscles—relaxes |
| pancrelipase | saliva substitute: contains electrolytes and carboxymethylcellulose to act as a thickening agent in dry mouth conditions |
| pentosan polysulfate sodium | heparin-like compound that has anticoagulant effects, adheres to bladder wall and acts as a buffer to control cell permeability preventing irritating solutes in the urine from reaching the bladder walls |
| phenazopyridine | acts as a direct topical analgesic on urinary mucosa |
| sodium bicarbonate | neutralize stomach acid by direct chemical reaction |
| spironolactone | loss of na+ but retains k+, blocks actions of aldosterone, androgen, and testosterone |
| sucralfate | protects duodenal ulcer sites against acid, pepsin, and bile salts |
Created by:
ahureau
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