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NC Biology Goal 4.1.

Relationship among DNA, proteins, and amino acids

TermDefinition
adenine (A) a nitrogenous base of DNA and RNA
amino acids monomer of protein, 20 found in nature , building blocks of protein, essential amino acids must be obtain from foods because the body cannot make them
cytosine (C) a nitrogenous base of DNA and RNA
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid, present in most living things, carries (stores) genetic information, made up of the nitrogenous bases of adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine
guanine (G) a nitrogenous base of DNA and RNA
hydrogen bonds weak bonds that hold nitrogenous bases together.
nucleic acids biochemical molecule made mostly of the elements C,H,O,N,P, function to store genetic information and to code for proteins
nucleotides monomer of nucleic acid, three subunits-phosphate, sugar, nitrogenous base, DNA-double helix, A,T,C,G, RNA-single strand, A,U,C,G
nitrogenous bases make the rungs of the DNA (ladder) double helix, part of RNA that complementary pairs with DNA to carry the code for protein synthesis
phosphate-sugar groups the sides (handrails) of the DNA the (spine) of RNA
protein synthesis to make proteins, RNA, mRNA, tRNA, rRNA - occurs in the nucleus and the cytoplasm
thymine (T) a nitrogenous base of DNA
transcription the converting of RNA codons to amino acids occurs in the cytoplasm
translation the writing (synthesis) of mRNA occurs in the nucleus
RNA ribonucleic acid, transcription, translation, , creates code for protein synthesis, single strand, smaller than DNA, enters and exits the nucleus
uracil (U) a nitrogenous base of RNA
Created by: mrvickers
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