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pseudomonias

TermDefinition
Pseudomonas infects immunocompromised patients with cancer, burn patients, and cystic fibrosis patients
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of P. aeruginosa is less toxic than other GNRs causing less inflammation and allowing chronic infections
P. aeruginosa is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, asporogenous, and monoflagellated bacterium with pearlescent appearance and grape-like or tortilla-like odour
P. aeruginosa is oxidase Ox positive
P. aeruginosa is citrate Cit positive
P. aeruginosa is L arginine dehydrplase arg positive
Nitrate Reduction Nit. positive
Gas Gas positive
Urease Ur positive
Sulfur S negative
P. aeruginosa grows at what temperature 42C
Most strains of P. aeruginosa produce one or more pigments on Nutrient augar Pyocyanin (blue-green), Pyoverdine (yellow-green and fluorescent), Pyorubin (red-brown)
P. aeruginosa on Blood agar Colonies are β-hemolytic
on Cetrimide agar Greeninsh yellow colonies develop
on McConkey agar Colourless colonies develop as other non-lactose fermenters
P. aeruginosa strains produce TWO distinct types of O antigen (O-Ag): A band and B band
A-band- a common polysaccharide antigen composed of a homopolymer of d-rhamnose
B-band- an O-specific antigen composed of a heteropolymer of three to five distinct sugars in its repeat units
All pathogens Adhesins ,Flagelum, Pili, Lipopolysaccharide toxins, Alginate capsule (protection from phagocytosis and antibiotics), biofilm formation
delivery system used by Pseudomonas is type III secretion system, which injects toxins into host cell.
ExoA,ETA is “AB exotoxin” that blocks peptide elongation, like diphtheria toxin, and contributes to the dermato-necrosis that occurs in burn wounds, corneal damage in ocular infections, tissue damage in chronic pulmonary infections, (necrotizing bronchopneumonia)
Two elastases are LasA (serine protease) and LasB (zinc metalloprotease) causing lung parenchymal damage and hemorrhagic lesions (ecthyma gangrenosum), also degrade complement components  inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis,
Chronic Pseudomonas infections are characterized by the formation of antibodies to LasA and LasB
Phospholipase C is Hemolysin that breaks down phospholipids. Facilitate tissue destruction. You may also see the term, “lecithinase”
Pseudomonias is capable of Quorum sensing meaning its able to turn on genes for biofilm
Pseudomonas infection clinical condition Wounds: GREEN pus or discharge that may have a fruity smell
Causes Otitis externa aka Swimmer's ear primarily in persons with diabetes and elderly patients Also causes chronic otitis media
Infections of the eye occur after initial trauma of the cornea (contact lens abrasion; scratch on eye surface) & exposure to P. aeruginosa in contaminated water  corneal ulcers
lung infections have Greenish sputum, Asymptomatic colonization, and infections in CF patients. Tracheobronchitis, to severe necrotizing bronchopneumonia with high mortality rate
Ecthyma gangrenosum is a well-recognized but uncommon cutaneous infection classically associated with P. aeruginosa skin infections where lesions manifest as erythematous vesicles that become hemorrhagic, necrotic, and ulcerated
produce biofilms, gel like structures comprised of rhamnolipids (rhamnose + long lipid chains) and the antioxidant and antibacterial proteins pyocyanin and pyoverdin
P. aeruginosa is inherently resistant to many antibiotics, The mutation of porin proteins constitutes the major mechanism of resistance and produces a number of different β-lactamases, Multi-Drug Efflux Pump shuttles antibiotics out
Created by: splashgreen
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