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Biology Chapter 2
Study Activities for Prokaryotic Cells MCB2010
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The appendage used for conjugation in bacteria. | Pili |
| When the solute concentration is greater. | Hypertonic |
| Which region of the phospholipid molecule is hydrophobic? | Fatty Acid Tails |
| Name the 3 genera which form endospores. | Bacillus, Clostridium, Sporosarcina |
| Dormant, resistant structures in bacteria. | Endospores |
| The term for flagella that are spread evenly around the surface of the bacterium. | Peritrichous |
| Adjacent rows of NAG and NAM are crosslinked by these. | Polypeptides |
| A cell with an internal salt concentration of 0.1% salt is placed in a solution of 2% salt solution. Which way will water move, into or out of the cell? | Out of the cell. |
| Gram positive cells appear _____ after the gram stain procedure. | Purple |
| The term for bacteria that have a single flagellum at each end. | Amphitrichous |
| How many rings are contained in the basal body of gram positive bacteria? | 2 rings |
| The term for bacteria which have a cluster of flagella at one or both ends. | Lophotrichous |
| This method of moving molecules across the membrane uses proteins embedded in the membrane, and uses ATP energy to move molecules against (up) the concentration gradient. | Active Transport |
| Do gram negative cells have thick or thin peptidoglycan layers? | Thin |
| The major bacterial genus that has bacteria with axial filaments. | Spirochetes |
| Do gram positive cells have thick or thin peptidoglycan layers? | Thick |
| Is it the proteins or the fatty acid tails which are responsible for giving the "Fluid Mosaic Model" of the plasma membrane its MOSAIC portion of the name? | The insertion of the proteins. |
| How many rings are contained in the basal body of gram negative bacteria? | 4 rings |
| Which region of the phospholipid molecule is hydrophyllic? | The Glycerol Head |
| When the solute concentration is less. | Hypotonic |
| Water loss from a bacterial cell, and the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall is called _______. | Plasmolysis |
| The type of filaments which wrap around the bacterial cell and give it a corkscrew type movement. | Axial Filaments |
| Equal solute concentrations. | Isotonic |
| What is the term for the outer membrane in gram (-) cell walls? | Lipopolysaccharide |
| A glycocalyx that easily sluffs off, loosely attached. | Slime Layer |
| The term for one polar flagellum. | Monotrichous |
| What do metachromatic granules contain? | Inorganic Phosphate |
| The type of bacterial appendage (fine, hairlike) used for attachment, not motility. | Fimbriae |
| In a solution consisting of salt dissolved in water, which is the solute? | Salt |
| Plural form of the round or spherical shape of bacteria. | Cocci |
| The portion of the flagellum that links the filament to the basal body. | Hook |
| This is the diffusion of water. | Osmosis |
| Plural form of the rod or capsule shape of bacteria. | Bacilli |
| The term for membranes which allow some molecules to pass through while blocking passage of other molecules. | Selective Permeability |
| Does diffusion move molecules down or up the concentration gradient? | Down |
| The prefix for pairs of bacteria stuck together. | Diplo |
| The prefix that identifies grapelike clusters of cells. | Staph |
| Gram negative cells appear _____ after the gram stain procedure. | Pink |
| O Polysaccharide of the LPS layer of gram (-) cells acts as _______. | Antigen |
| When a substance is chemically altered as it is moved across the plasma membrane. | Group Translocation |
| Lipid A of the LPS layer of gram (-) cells acts as _______. | Endotoxin |
| The two monosaccharides which form the sugar backbone of the cell wall peptidoglycan. | NAG and NAM |
| Is the glycerol head of a phospholipid molecule polar or non-polar? | Polar |
| Another name for passive transport. | Facilitated Diffusion |
| Name 2 unique amino acids found in the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls. | D-Glutamic acid, D-Alanine |
| This method of moving molecules across the membrane uses proteins embedded in the membrane, but does not use ATP energy. It also moves molecules down the concentration gradient. | Passive Transport |
| Gas vacuoles are common in what type of bacteria? | Aquatic bacteria |
| What molecules are found in gram positive cell walls and NOT in gram negative? | Teichoic Acids |
| A cell with an internal salt concentration of 0.1% salt is placed in a solution of 2% salt solution. Is the solution surrounding the cell considered hypotonic or hypertonic? | The solution surrounding the cell is considered hypertonic . |
| The prefix that identifies long chains of cells. | Strep |
| A firmly attached glycocalyx. | Capsule |
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mikec35-pbsc
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