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bio 3.1-3.2 TERMS
biology chapter 3 cell terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell theory | theory that states that all organisms are made of cells, all cells are produced by other living cells, and the cell is the most basic unit of life |
| cytoplasm | jellylike substance inside cells that contains molecules and in some cell organelles |
| organelle | membrane-bound structure that is specialized to perform a distinct process within a cell |
| prokaryotic cell | cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles |
| eukaryotic cell | cell that has a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles |
| cytoskeleton | network of proteins, such as microtubules and microfilaments, inside a eukaryotic cell that supports and shapes the cell |
| nucleus | organelle composed of a double membrane that acts as the |
| endoplasmic reticulum | interconnected network of thin, folded membranes that produce, process, and distribute proteins |
| ribosome | organelle that links amino acids together to form proteins |
| Golgi appartus | stack of flat, membrane-enclosed spaces containing enzymes that process, sort, and deliver proteins |
| vesicle | small organelle that contains and transports materials within the cytoplasm |
| mitochondrion | bean-shaped organelle that supplies energy to the cell and has its own ribosomes and DNA |
| vacuole | organelle that is used to store materials, such as water, food, or enzymes, that are needed by the cell |
| lysosome | organelle that contains enzymes |
| centriole | small cylinder-shaped organelle made of protein tubes arranged in a circle, aids mitosis |
| cell wall | rigid structure that gives protection, support, and shape to cells and plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria |
| chloroplast | organelle composed of numerous membranes that are used to convert solar energy into chemical energy |