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Cells
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| bacterium | a simple single-celled organism that does not have a membrane-bound nucleus and is a prokaryotic cell (plural: bacteria) |
| cell | the basic structural unit of all living things. |
| cell membrane | the thin layer of membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in a cell. |
| chlorophyll | a green molecule in plant cells that traps sunlight, uses the light energy to break down carbon dioxide and water and recombine them to form glucose and oxygen; gives plants their green color. |
| chloroplast | in plant cells, a chlorophyll-containing organelle in which photosynthesis takes place. |
| chromosome | a single long molecule of DNA and any associated proteins; carries the genetic information for a cell. |
| cytoplasm | a jellylike mass of material in a cell that contains DNA, the information for the cell's life processes (including reproduction). |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material organized in protein structures called chromosomes, passed on to each generation of cells. |
| epithelial tissue | tissue with tightly packed cells that lines, covers, and protects animal organs and other body parts from injury and infection; also connects parts of plants. |
| eukaryote | an organism with complex cells with distinctive traits, including a nucleus; may be either unicellular or multicellular. |
| glucose | a simple sugar that green pants produce during photosynthesis. |
| mitochondria | organelles that break down organic molecules from nutrient substances (food) to produce energy for the cell to use. |
| moneran | a cell that has no defined nucleus; also known as a prokaryote. |
| nuclear membrane | the double membrane that surrounds the nucleus of a cell; also called the nuclear envelope. |
| nucleus | in eukaryotic cells, the part of the cells that contains the DNA. |
| organ | a combination of tissues functioning as a whole by working together. |
| organelle | a discrete, membrane-bound structure within a cell where cell activities are carried out. |
| prokaryote | a unicellular organism that has no defined nucleus, e.g. bacteria |
| system | a set of interacting elements, e.g., a set of organs that work together to perform a function. |
| tissue | a group of cells with similar fuctions that work together. |
| vacuole | a small space or cavity in the cytoplasm of a cell; usually used for storage of a fluid, e.g., water, food, or waste. |
Created by:
mrstwilliams
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