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Mbio Module 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mantle | A heath of tissue surrounding the organs of a mollusk, producing the mollusk’s hell and performing respiration |
| Radula | An organ covered with hundreds of small teeth, used for scraping food into the mouths of mollusks. |
| Chitin | A derivative of carbohydrates that provides both flexibility and support |
| Open circulatory system | A circulatory system in which blood flows out of the blood vessels and into body cavities, where it comes in direct contact with cells. |
| Closed circulatory system | A circulatory system in which the blood always remains in vessels |
| Molting | The process of shedding an exoskeleton and replacing it with a new one |
| Cephalothorax | The anterior part of an arthropod body, consisting of a head and other body segments fused together |
| Carapace | An armored shield that covers the anterior portion of crustaceans |
| Water vascular system | A network of water-filled canals in echinoderms, used for locomotion and feeding |
| Ambulacral groove | A channel along the oral surface of echinoderms through which the tube feet protrude. |
| Notochord | A flexible supportive rod that runs the length of the body of the chordates |
| Dorsal nerve cord | A long bundle of nerve cells located along the dorsal part of an organism’s body |
| 4 major phyla for invertebrates in the ocean | Mollusca, arthropoda, Echinodermata, Chordata |
| Mollusca | Called mollusks, bilaterally symmetric, soft body protected by hard shell, soft body covered by mantle underneath the shell |
| Mollusks use what to get around? | a large, muscular foot |
| What else do mollusks use their foot for? | anchoring and obtaining food |
| Gastropoda | Snails |
| Operculum | the horny plats that forms a lid over the opening of the shells when the head and foot are pulled inside |
| Nudibranches | A group of organisms in class Gastropoda that have no shells, their name means "naked gills" |
| Bivalvia | The class of organisms that have two hinged shells |
| Siphons | The structures in a bivalvia that extend between the shells to take in water and food. |
| Byssal threads | The strong filaments that some bivalves use to attach themselves to a rock to stay in one place |
| Cephalopoda | The most complex of the mollusks, meaning "head footed" |
| Chromatophores | The cells/pigments in a cephalopod that allow it to change colors quickly |
| Mantle Cavity | The cavity in a chephalopod where water can be taken in so it can be moved over the gills and then expelled |
| Where chitons found? | Class Polyplacophora-8 armored plats protecting their flattened oval shape |
| Tusk Shells are found in class? | Scaphopoda- found buried in sedimetns of deep water |
| Hermaphroditic | Both male and female |
| Larval forms of mollusks | Trochophore, veliger |
| Phylum Arthropoda | Biggest phylum, arthropods |
| Exoskeleton | A skeleton that is on the exterior of the body |
| Class Crustacea | "Insects" of the sea (shrimp, crabs, lobsters) |
| What are the tiny organisms that are abundant in the ocean are part of class crustacea | Copepods |
| Barnacles | Commonly mistaken for mollusks, crustaceans |
| Class Crustacea, laterally compressed bodies, can be parasitic, can live among plankton or seaweed | Amphipods |
| Class Crustacea, ventrally flattened bodies, can be parastic, can live among plankton or seaweed | Isopods |
| Krill | Planktonic, filter feeders |
| Order Decapoda | 10 legs, five pairs for walking, first pair larger, has claws |
| Abdomen | The other part of a organism that belongs to order Decapoda NOT THE TAIL! |
| Shrimp and Lobsters | Longs abdomen |
| Hermit crabs | Not really crabs, fi elongated soft abdmoen into abandoned gastropod shells |
| crab | Samll abdomen, more species of crabs than any other Decopod |
| Why can crabs stay out of water for a long time? | Because their exoskeleton can keep moisture in the gills |
| Maxillipeds | The little appendages near a crustacean's mouth for gathering food |
| Compound eyes | Eyes made up of thousands of light-sensitive receptors |
| Nauplius | Planktonic larvae of crustraceans |
| Class Pycnogonida | More commonly called the sea spiders |
| Merostoma | Horseshoe crabs |
| Pentamerous | A type of radial symmetry based on five parts |
| Endoskeleton | A skeleton that is on the inside of an organism's body |
| Tube feet | Tiny extensions of a echinoderms that, when filled with water, extend for locomotion, sensory respiratory and excretory duties |
| Madreporite | The structue which the water vascular system of a echindoerm connects to. |
| Phylum Echindoermata | Sea stars, brittle stars, sand dollars, etc. |
| Class Asterodiea | Sea stars |
| Class Ophiuroidea | Brittle stars |
| Class Echinoidea | Sea urchins, sea biscuts, sand dollars |
| Aristotle's lantern | The mouth structure of organisms of class Echinoidea made of a powerful system of muscles and five teeth that |
| Class Holothuroidea | Sea cucumbers |
| Eviscerate | The act of releasing an organism's insides to distracte a predators (sea cucumbers do this) |
| Crinodiea | Feather stars, sea lilies |
| Coelomic fluid | What a most echinoderms have instead of a circulatory system. It is used to transsport nutrients and gases |
| Phylum Chordata | The phylum of organisms that have a backbone, called chordates |
| Pharyngeal pouches | folds of skin located along the neck during the embryonic debelopment of chordates. |
| Subphylum Urochordata | Tunicates |
| What do adult tunicates cover themselves with? | A leather-like "tunic" |
| Sea squirts, Ascidians | In phyluym Urochordata, often mistaken for sponges |
| Tadpoloe larva | The larva of a sea squirt |
| Salps | Planktonic tunicates |
| subphylum Cephalochordata | Commonly calle dlancelets, retain notochords and dorsal nerve cord throughout their entire lives |
| Oral cirri | The structue which water is filtered through in a lancelet, to get rid of any debris or non-edible things |
Created by:
akikoandpoog
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