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Medieval England
English III
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Boccaccio- tales of decamon | Eleanor of Aquitaine- Henry 2nd wife |
| John Wycliffe- catholic priest gone wrong | Lollard- followers |
| Henry II- King 1154- 1189 | Edward (Black Prince)- English military hero |
| Rich The Lion- Hearted- oldest son 1189-1199 | Richard III- last plantagonous king killed 2 nephews |
| Pope Urban II- first holy war 1188 crusade | Edward III- first Parliament, law making |
| Innocent III- reforming pope | Thomas Mallory- wrote death of Arthur |
| Thomas A Beckett- grave where pilgrims are going | King John- great charter limits kings power |
| Lancelot- Arthur, great night | Arthur- King |
| Guinevere- queen | Mordred- son |
| Wat Tyler- lead Pesians | Wm. Caxton- typewriter |
| Wm. The Conqueror- conqueror ea Normandy | Harold of Wessex- Battle of Hastings |
| Henry Tudor- 7th Battle of Blosefield, defeated Richard | Johan Gutenburg- printing press |
| Dante- epic poem, divine comedy, important writer, Italian | London- birthplace of Chaucer |
| Tabard Inn- where they started | Southwark- where the inn is |
| Canterbury- where they are going | Avignon- home of the french pope |
| Hastings- battle start of middle ages | Normandy- guys from Normandy invade England |
| Provencal- place in France, birthplace of chivalry | Florence- birthplace of Dante |
| Hastings Bridge- Hastings | Bosworth field- end of Middle ages |
| Avalon- legendary burial ground of King Arthur | Camelot- Legendary kingdom |
| Runnymede Field- magna carta doctrine was signed- give up some of kings power | Feudalism- land is wealth |
| fealty- wealth | knight- fights, 21, top ranking |
| vassal- someone who owes allegiance to | squire- turn to knight at 21, learning, 2nd ranking |
| master craftsman- become apprentice | Journeyman- 14-21then master craftsman |
| apprentice- 7-14 then journeyman | guild- trait, jobs |
| craft guild- building | merchant guild- selling |
| Norman- royal / 1154- 1485 | Tudor- royal/ 1485- 1603 |
| fief- gift of land | crusades- holy wars |
| papal schism- 1375- 1425- 2 popes (Italian and French) | Transubstantiation- wine and bread changed into the body and blood. |
| heresy- false teaching | simony- church abuses |
| york- white rose | Lancaster- red rose Tudor- Henry 7th |
| war of the roses- 1455- 1485/ civil war decade kings | trivium- write, speak, think well |
| quadrivium- other classes | gothic- roman like, barbaric |
| Romanesque- type of arch 10-12th cent | vernacular- common language |
| divine comedy- epic poem by dante | trencher- crusty bread plate |
| homage- pay respect | four humors- sanguine, melancholy, choleric, phlegmatic |
| lord- high social standard | chivalry- oath that all knights take |
| aristocrat- rich people/ upper class | magna carta- king signed reduced kings power |
| common law- book henry 2nd common laws | grand jury- determines if case should go to trial |
| ballads- songs about lost love | folklore- fiction stories |
| fabliaux- dirty stories | courtly romance- knights quest medieval romance |
| 1066- battle of hastings/ medieval ages | 1070- thomas a beckett |
| 1089-first crusade | 1215- magna carta |
| 1295- first parliament | 1337-1453- hundred years war |
| 1476- printing press | 1455-1485- war of the roses |
| 1485- end of the medieval ages | James 1- king of england 1603-1625 |
| Guy Fawkes- tried to blow up the king and Parliament in the Gunpowder Plot | James' daughter Princess Elizabeth married Frederick V on February 14, 1613. Frederick and Elizabeth's election as King and Queen of Bohemia in 1619, started the conflict that resulted in the Thirty Years' War. |
| Charles I- Religious conflicts permeated Charles' reign. He married a Catholic princess, Henrietta Maria of France, over the objections of Parliament and public opinion. | Nicolaus Copernicus- was the first astronomer to formulate a comprehensive heliocentric cosmology, which displaced the Earth from the center of the universe. |
| John Donne- was a cavalier poet | Galileo Galilei- was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher |
| Claudius Ptolemy- was a Roman citizen of Greek or Egyptian ancestry. He was a mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer | William Laud- (7 October 1573 - 10 January 1645) Archbishop of Canterbury from 1633 to 1645 |
| Oliver Cromwell- was an English military and political leader best known for his involvement in making England into a Republican Commonwealth. Also for his later role as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland. | Andrew Marvell (31 March 1621 – 16 August 1678) was an English metaphysical poet and Parliamentarian. As a metaphysical poet, he is associated with John Donne and George Herbert. He was a colleague and friend of John Milton. |
| Francis Bacon- He served both as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England. | John Milton (9 December 1608 – 8 November 1674) was an English poet, author, polemicist and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost. |
| John Bunyan (28 November 1628 – 31 August 1688) was an English Christian writer and preacher, famous for writing The Pilgrim's Progress. | Anglicanism forms one of the principal traditions of Christianity, together with Protestantism, Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy |
| A Puritan of 16th and 17th-century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of worship and doctrine | Cavalier was the name used by Parliamentarians for a Royalist supporter of King Charles I during the English Civil War (1642–1651). |
| The New Model Army of Great Britain was formed in 1645 by the Parliamentarians in the English Civil War, and disbanded in 1660 after the Restoration. | John Calvin (10 July 1509 – 27 May 1564) was an influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism. |
| "Round head" was the nickname given to the supporters of Parliament during the English Civil War. | Benjamin Jonson (11 June 1572 – 6 August 1637) was an English Renaissance dramatist, poet and actor. A contemporary of William Shakespeare, he is best known for his satirical plays, particularly Volpone, The Alchemist, and Bartholomew Fair |
| Sir John Suckling (10 February 1609 - 1 June 1642) was an English poet and one prominent figure among those renowned for careless gayety, wit, and all the accomplishments of a Cavalier poet, and the supposed inventor of the card game Cribbage | William Tyndale( 1494 – 1536) was a 16th-century Protestant reformer and scholar who translated considerable parts of the Bible into the Early Modern English of his day. |
| Myles Coverdale (1488 – 20 January 1569) was a 16th-century Bible translator who produced the first complete printed translation of the Bible into English. | The term dissenter labels one who disagrees in matters of opinion |
| An interregnum is a period of discontinuity of a government, organization, or social order. | The Rump Parliament was the name of the English Parliament after Colonel Pride purged the Long Parliament on 6 December 1648 of those members hostile to the Grandees' intention to try King Charles I for high treason. |
| Carpe diem- "seize the day" | Absolutism (1610-1789) is a historiographical term used to describe a form of monarchical power that is unrestrained by any other institutions, such as churches, legislatures, or social elites. |
| The divine right of kings is a political and religious doctrine of royal absolutism. | Heliocentric is the astronomical theory that the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun and that the Sun is stationary and at the center of the universe. |
| geocentric is the theory, now superseded, that the Earth is the center of the universe and other objects go around it | Paradise Lost is an epic poem in blank verse by the 17th-century English poet John Milton. |
| The Pilgrim's Progress is a Christian allegory written by John Bunyan and published in February, 1678. | Nov. 5 1604-5 - gunpowder plot |
| 1611- May 2 King James, the Bible is published for the first time in London, England By printer Robert Baker | 1642-1660 - Puritan Revolution |
| January 30 1649 – King Charles I of England, Scotland, and Ireland is beheaded. His widow Henrietta Maria returns to her native France. | May 8 1660 – The Parliament of England declares Prince Charles Stuart King Charles II of England. |
| Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649), Saint Charles Stuart, was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution. Charles famously engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England | James II & VII (14 October 1633 – 16 September 1701) was King of England and Ireland as James II, and Scotland as James VII. He was the last Catholic monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland. |
| The phrase William and Mary usually refers to the joint sovereignty over the Kingdom of England, as well as the Kingdom of Scotland, of King William III and his wife Queen Mary II, a son-in-law and daughter of James II. | Anne Hathaway (1556 – 6 August 1623) was the wife of William Shakespeare. |
| he House of Hanover (the Hanoverian's) is a Germanic royal dynasty which has ruled the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg , the Kingdom of Hanover and the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland. | George I (28 May 1660 – 11 June 1727) was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1 August 1714 until his death, and ruler of Hanover in the Holy Roman Empire from 1698. |
| George II August; 10 November 1683 – 25 October 1760) was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) and Archtreasurer and Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 until his death. | George III (4June1738– 29January 1820) was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of these two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death |
| Sir Isaac Newton- was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian who is considered by many scholars and members of the general public to be one of the most influential scientists in history. |
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