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chapter 2 terms

biology chapter 2 chemistry terms

QuestionAnswer
smallest basic unit of matter atom
one particular type of atom, cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary chemical means element
a substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together in a certain ratio compound
an attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom hydrogen bond
the attraction among molecules of a substance cohesion
the attraction among molecules of different substances adhesion
a mixture of substances that is the same through out, it is a homogeneous mixture solution
the substance that is present in the greater amount and that dissolves another substance solvent
a substance that dissolves in a solvent solute
a compound that releases a proton, a hydrogen ion, when it dissolves in water acid
compounds that remove H+ concentration bases
what a solution acidity(H+) and concentration is measured by pH
molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen carbohydrates
nonpolar molecules that includes fats, oils, and cholesterol lipids
chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms fatty acids
a polymer made of monomers called amino acids protein
molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur amino acids
polymers that are made up of monomers called nucleotides nucleic acid
change substances into different substances by breaking and forming chemical bonds chemical reactions
the substances changed during a chemical reaction reactants
the substances made by a chemical reaction products
amount of energy that will break a bond between two atoms bond energy
reached when both the reactants and products are made at the same rate equilibrium
the amount of energy that needs to be absorbed for a chemical reaction to start activation energy
chemical reaction releases more energy than it absorbs. exothermic
chemical reaction absorbs more energy than it releases endothermic
a substance that decreases the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction and also increases the rate of the chemical reaction catalyst
catalysts for chemical reactions in living things enzymes
specific reactants that an enzyme acts on substrates
an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons ion
forms through the electrical force between oppositely charged ions ionic bond
forms when atoms share a pair of electrons covalent bond
two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds molecule
each subunit in the complete molecule monomer
a large molecule, or macromolecule, made of many monomers bonded together polymer
Created by: kernst23
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