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Cells and Viruses

TermDefinition
Nucleus contains DNA and controls activities of a cell
Cytoplasm fluid portion of the cell
Ribosomes small particles of RNA that produce proteins by the coded instructions in the DNA
Centrioles organelles made from tubulins that help organize cell division in animal cells
Lysosomes small organelles filled with enzymes that break down larger molecules and organelles no longer needed
Cytoskeleton network of protein filaments that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved with movement
Vacuole store water, salts, and organic molecules
Golgi Apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from ER for storage in cell or release out of cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum internal membrane system in which lipids of cell are assembled, along with proteins and other materials
Mitochondria convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds the cell can use more quickly
Chloroplasts convert sunlight energy into food that contains chemical energy in a process for photosynthesis
Viruses are nonliving
prokaryote no membrane bound organelles
Anton van Leeuwenhoek 1st to observe living microorganisms
Robert Hooke 1st to look at cells and named cells
New cells come from existing cells
Prokaryotes don't have mitochondria or nuclei
cyto means cell
eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles
mitochondria do cellular respiration
photosynthesis chloroplasts
main job of cells make proteins
cell membrane active and passive transport (osmosis and diffusion)
Dmitri Ivanovski discovered viruses
viruses reproduce using the host cell's DNA
capsid protein coat surrounding a virus
nuclear membrane slows down flu viruses
lytic cycle attach, enter, reproduce, assemble, and lyse
lysogenic virus does not lyse cell, can stay dormant
pathogens infectious agents that cause disease
Immune system responds to pathogens
4 major pathogens virus, bacteria,fungi, and parasites
provirus viral DNA embedded in eukaryotic cell
prophage viral DNA embedded in bacterial hot cell
Created by: s715122
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