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Ch 5 Fund Vocab
Terms on Homeostasis, Adaptation, and Stress
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adaptation | manner in which an organism responds to change. |
| Alarm stage | the immediate physiologic response to a stressor, |
| Alternative behavior techniques | actions that modify stress in order to take control rather than become immobilized. |
| Alternative lifestyle techniques | activities in which people who are prone to stress make a conscious effort to change their pattern of living. |
| Alternative thinking techniques | those that facilitate a change in a person's perceptions from negative to positive. |
| Catastrophize | choosing to focus on all the potentially negative outcomes that may result from stressors. |
| Coping mechanisms | unconscious tactics used to protect the psyche. |
| Coping strategies | stress-reduction activities selected on a conscious level. |
| Cortisol | a stress hormone, from the adrenal cortex. |
| Endocrine system | a group of glands found throughout the body that produce hormones. |
| Endorphins | natural body chemicals that produce effects similar to those of opiate drugs such as morphine. |
| Feedback loop | mechanism that turns hormone production off and on. |
| Fight-or-flight response | physiologic process used to attack a stressor in an effort to overcome the danger it represents, or flee from the stressor to escape its treat. |
| Freeze response | a stress response simulates the appearance of death by slowing down physiologic responses. |
| General adaptation syndrome | collective physiologic processes that occur in response to a stressor. |
| Homeostasis | relatively stable state of physiologic equilibrium. |
| Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis | pathway of physiologic communication among the central nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. |
| Neurotransmitters | chemical messengers synthesized in neurons. |
| Neuropeptides | chemicals that stimulate nociceptors. |
| Primary prevention | involves eliminating the potential for illness before it occurs. |
| Reframing | helps a person to analyze a stressful situation from various perspectives and to ultimately conclude that the situation is not as bad as it once seemed. |
| Reticular activating system (RAS) | an area of the brain through which a network of nerves pass, is the communication link between the body and the mind. |
| Secondary prevention | includes screening for risk factors and providing a means for early diagnosis of disease. |
| Sensory manipulation | involves altering moods, feelings, and physiologic responses by stimulating pleasure centers in the brain using sensory stimuli. |
| Stage of exhaustion | is the last phase in the general adaptation syndrome that develops when one or more adaptive or resistive mechanisms can no longer protect a person experiencing a stressor. |
| Stage of resistance | second phase in the general adaptation syndrome characterized by physiologic changes designed to restore homeostasis. |
| Stress | physiologic and behavioral reactions that occur in response to disequilibrium. |
| Stress-management techniques | therapeutic activities used to reestablish balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. |
| Stressors | changes that have the potential for disturbing equilibrium. |
| Stress-reduction techniques | methods that promote physiologic comfort and emotional well-being. |
| Stress-related disorders | diseases that result from prolonged stimulation of the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems. |
| Tertiary prevention | actions that minimize the consequences of a disorder through aggressive rehab or appropriate management of the disease. |
Created by:
Jessica Venyke
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