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Science Explosion 10
BJU 6th Science - Chapter 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| energy | The ability to do work. |
| potential energy | Stored energy due to its position. |
| kinetic energy | Energy caused by motion. |
| mechanical energy | The ability to get something moving. |
| motion | Change of an object's position. |
| reference point | A fixed, unmoving object needed to determine whether another object has changed position. |
| distance | The amount of space traveled from where an object starts to where it is at any given moment. |
| speed | The rate at which an object travels; determined by dividing the distance by the amount of time the object takes to travel that distance. |
| instantaneous speed | The speed of an object at any one particular moment. |
| velocity | The distance an object moves over a given amount of time in a certain direction. |
| acceleration | The change in velocity during a period of time. |
| force | A push or pull. |
| friction | A force that keeps objects from moving. |
| momentum | The mass and velocity (speed and direction) of an object. |
| first law of motion | An object tends to stay at the same velocity; an object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object at motion tends to stay in motion unless acted on by some outside force. |
| inertia | The resistance to a change in motion. |
| gravity | The pull of one object on another. |
| second law of motion | The acceleration of an object is related to the objects mass and the amount of force being exerted on the object; can be written as mass x acceleration = force. |
| third law of motion | All forces come in pairs; when an object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts and equal force back on the first object; also called the law of action and reaction. |
| work | A force acting on something and moving it a distance. |
| newton | The unit used to measure force (weight). |
| joule | The unit used to measure work; equal to one newton meter of work. |
| machine | An object that makes work easier. |
| effort force | The force applied to a simple machine. |
| resistance force | The force that works against the effort force. |
| lever | A simple machine consisting of any bar that turns on a fulcrum. |
| fulcrum | The fixed point on which a lever turns. |
| first-class lever | A type of lever that has the fulcrum between the effort and resistance. |
| second-class lever | A type of lever that has the resistance between the effort and fulcrum. |
| third-class lever | A type of lever that has the effort between the resistance and the fulcrum. |
| pulley | Simple machine consisting of a wheel with a chain or rope wrapped in the groove of the wheel. |
| fixed pulley | A type of pulley that is attached to something so that the pulley does not move; it changes the direction of a force. |
| moveable pulley | A type of pulley that moves along a rope where the effort is above the pulley. |
| block and tackle | An arrangement of fixed and movable pulleys connected by ropes. |
| mechanical advantage | The decrease in effort needed to move an object. |
| wheel and axle | A simple machine consisting of a wheel and a rod running through the axle. |
| inclined plane | A simple machine consisting of a flat, slanted surface, such as a ramp. |
| wedge | A simple machine consisting of two inclined planes back-to-back. |
| screw | A simple machine consisting of an inclined plane that is wound around a cylinder or cone. |
| threads | Ridges in a screw. |
| compound machine | A machine that combines two or more simple machines. |
Created by:
MrsDunham
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