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VNSG 1423
Alison Miles - Unit 3 exam key terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| absorption | passage of drug molecules into the blood |
| factors affecting absorption | route of administration, ability of the drug to dissolve, and conditions at the site of absorption |
| digestion | breakdown of nutrients by chewing, churning, mixing with fluid, and chemical reactions |
| dysphagia | difficulty swallowing |
| enteral nutrition | provision of nutrients through gastrointestinal tract when patient can't ingest, chew, or swallow food, but can absorb nutrients |
| glucose | primary fuel for the body |
| jejunostomy tube (same as PEG tube) | hollow tube inserted into the jejunum through the abdominal wall for administration of liquefied foods to patients who have a high risk of aspiration |
| nasogastric tube (NG Tube) | tube passed into the stomach through nose for emptying stomach contents or for delivering medication and/or nourishment |
| bacteriuria | bacteria in the urine |
| catheterization | introduction of a catheter into a body cavity or organ to inject or remove fluid |
| continent urinary diversion (CUR) | surgical diversion of the drainage of urine from a diseased or dysfunctional bladder; patient uses catheter to drain the pouch |
| hematuria | abnormal presence of blood in the urine |
| micturition | urination; the act of passing or expelling urine voluntarily through the urethra |
| nosocomial | infection acquired during hospitalization or stay in a health care facility |
| proteinuria | presence in the urine of abnormally large quantities of protein, usually albumin |
| persistant proteinuria is usually a sign of: | renal disease or renal complications of another disease, or hypertension or heart failure |
| residual urine | volume of urine remaining in the bladder after a normal voiding |
| suprapubic catheter | catheter surgically inserted through abdomen into bladder |
| ureterostomy | diversion of urine away from a diseased or defective bladder through an artificial opening in the skin |
| urinal | receptacle for collecting urine |
| urinary diversion | surgical diversion of the drainage of urine, such as a ureterostomy |
| urinary incontinence | inability to control urination |
| urinary reflux | abnormal, backward flow of urine |
| urinary retention | retention of urine in the bladder; condition frequently caused by a temporary loss of muscle function |
| urine hat | receptacle for collecting urine that fits the toilet |
| urometer | device for measuring frequent and small amounts of urine from an indwelling urinary catheter system |
| urosepsis | organisms in the bloodstream |
| voiding | the process of urinating |
| colon | portion of large intestine from the cecum to the rectum |
| constipation | difficulty passing stool or an infrequent passage of hard stool |
| defecation | passage of feces from the digestive tract through the rectum |
| diarrhea | increase in number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces |
| enema | procedure involving introduction of a solution into the rectum for cleansing or therapeutic purposes |
| fecal impaction | accumulation of hardened fecal material in the rectum or sigmoid colon |
| fecal incontinence | inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus |
| fecal occult blood test (FOBT) | measures microscopic amounts of blood in the feces |
| feces | waste or excrement from the gastrointestinal tract |
| flatus | intestinal gas |
| hemorrhoids | permanent dilation and engorgement of veins within the lining of the rectum |
| laxatives | drugs that act to promote bowel evacuation |
| melena | abnormal black, sticky stool containing digested blood, indicative of gastrointestinal bleeding |
| ostomy | surgical procedure in which an opening is made into abdominal wall to allow passage of intestinal contents from bowel (colostomy) or urine from the bladder (urostomy) |
| segmentation | alternating contraction and relaxation of gastrointestinal mucosa |
| stoma | artificially created opening between a body cavity and the body's surface (ex: colonostomy formed from a portion of the colon pulled through the abdominal wall) |
| valsalva maneuver | any forced expiratory effort against a closed airway (ex: individual holds breath and tightens muscles in a concerted, strenuous effort to move heavy object or to change positions in bed) |
| duodenum | part of the intestines |
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txladybug70
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