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anatomy test 1 sg
ch 1 & 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Life begins at the _______ Basic units of all living organisms= | cell |
| cell | Life begins at the _______ Basic units of all living organisms= |
| function; form (structure) | physiology is to ___________ as anatomy is to _______________ |
| molecules, cells, tissue, organs, organ system, organism | simple to complex |
| histology | the study of cells under a microscope |
| physiology | study of an organ's function |
| molecular, cell, tissue, organ, organ systems, organism | levels of organization (Fig 1.2) |
| extrinsic regulation | goosebumps . OR The nervous system stimulates the heart to beat faster during exercise. |
| thermo receptor | type of sensor in a negative feedback loop that controls body temp |
| abdominopelvic quad and regions fig (1.4) | |
| Upper left quadrant | quadrant where spleen is located |
| frontal | vertical plane that divides the body into front and back |
| saggital | vertical plane that divides the body between right and left |
| transverse | horizontal plane that divides the body into top and bottom |
| subject's | right and left refer to ___________ right and left, not the observer. |
| retroperitonial | Location of kidneys and pancreas |
| blood clotting | One of the few examples of positive feedback |
| cytology | study of the internal structure of cells |
| surface anatomy | general form and markings refers to this kind of anatomy |
| pathological anatomy | type of anatomy that deals with features which change during illness |
| systemic physiology | type of physiology that deals with the function of sspecific organ systems |
| skeletal system | system that provides support, protects soft tissue, stores minerals and forms blood organ system is responsible for the support and protection of organs and tissues and includes bones and cartilages |
| cardiovascular | organ system that transports nutrients, waste, gases, and defense sells |
| lymphatic | organ system that relates to spleen and tonsils |
| endocrine | organ system that relates to pituitary gland and tonsils |
| respiratory | organ system that removes CO2 (carbon dioxide) from blood |
| integumentary | organ system that relates to skin, hair, and nails |
| auscultation | term that means listening to sounds |
| organ physiology | auscultation is an example of what type of physiology |
| anatomical landmarks | One uses _____________ ____________ to know complete auscultation (listening to bodily sounds like a heartbeat |
| medical terminology | The kind of terminology that anatomy uses |
| Terminologic Anatomic | sets the standard for medical terminology vocabulary |
| Greek and Latin | Languages that early medical terminology is derived from |
| anterior/ventral | Terms that mean the front side of body |
| dorsal/posterior | Terms that mean the back side of the body |
| buttocks | the term gluteals refers to |
| distal | A term that means moving toward the main trunk of the body is : (for example moving from the elbow toward the shoulder) |
| proximal | A term that means moving further away the main trunk of the body is : (for example moving from the shoulder toward the hand) |
| medial | Means closest to center of the body (For example the heart is ______, or closer to the center of the body than the lungs) |
| superior | term that means moving up the body toward head |
| inferior | term that means moving down the body toward feet |
| gluteal | medical term referring to butt |
| pedal | medical term referring to foot |
| carpal | medical term referring to wrist |
| pollex | medical term referring to thumb |
| patella | medical term referring to knee |
| organs | tissues join together to make ___________ |
| diaphragm | Muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity |
| digital sutraction bangiography (DSA) | imaging technology that monitors blood flow in the body |
| parietal serosa | membrane for the inner surface of cavity walls |
| visceral serosa | membrane that covers internal organs |
| PET scan | imaging to assess metabolic and physiological activity |
| Ultrasound | imaging technology that uses soundwaves |
| heart | visceral pericardium covers this ____________ |
| homeostasis | central principle of physiology: OR maintenance of constant internal environment: |
| contralateral | Term meaning opposite side |
| ipsilater | term meaning same side |
| molecular biology | field that has made the most progress over the last 2 decades |
| anatomy | means “cutting open,” that denotes the study of the structure of internal and external features of the body and how they relate to each other |
| molecular | level of organization that is the smallest and simplest |
| anatomical position | feet together, arms and hands at sides, palms facing foward |
| cephalic or cephalon | anatomical term for head |
| thoracic & abdominopelvic | two main divisions of the ventral body cavity |
| abdominopelvic | In what body cavity would you find the liver? |
| physiology | study of how living organisms perform their functions |
| systemic anatomy | study of structures of the cardiovascular system |
| histology | study of the structure of muscle tissue (cells under a microscope) |
| organ physiology | study of the function of the stomach is an example o |
| chemical | levels of organization is the smallest and simplest |
| autoregulation | general mechanism involved in homeostatic regulation occurs when a cell, tissue, organ, or organ system adjusts its activities automatically in response to an environmental stimulus |
| negative feedback | homeostatic regulatory mechanisms involves a response to a stimulus that reverses or negates the stimulus |
| positive feedback | homeostatic mechanism produces a response that enhances or exaggerates a stimulus |
| cytoskeleton | Which of the following functions to give the cell an internal protein framework that is strong and flexible? |
| mitochondria | membranous organelles |
| cytoplasm | the intracellular fluid and forms a medium in which the organelles are suspended= |
| organ | something made of two or more tissues that work together to perform several functions |
| integumentary system | Which organ system protects against environmental hazards, helps regulate body temperature, and provides sensory information? |
| receptor | Which part of the homeostatic regulatory system detects changes in the environment? |
| negative feedback (ex. regulation of body temp) (positive feedback is rare) | What is the body’s primary mechanism of homeostatic regulation? |
| when the body cannot maintain homeostasis | When does disease or illness form? |
| inferior | The mental region is __________ to the nasal region. |
| lateral | The arms are __________ to the sternum. |
| thoracic | The heart is found in which body cavity |
| Liver | Which of the following is NOT found in the mediastinum? Heart, liver, trachea, or esophagus |
| Lungs are pleural cavity | Which of the following is NOT found in the abdominopelvic cavity? lungs, liver, pancreas, or stomach |
| peritoneum | membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity |
| pelvic | The rectum is found in which cavity |
| visceral pleura | This covers the surface of the lungs |
| reduce friction | An example of a function of serous membrane |
| pelvic cavity | In which cavity is a woman's uterus |
| reduces change | purpose of negative feedback |
| amplifies change | purpose of positive feedback |
| medial | toward the midsagittal plane |
| superficial | close to the body surface |
| distal | away from an attached base |
| proximal | toward an attached base |
| lateral | away from the midsagittal plane |
| deep | farther from the body surface |
| urinary | organ system that excretes waste products from the blood |
| muscular | organ system that provides movement and generates heat |
| repiratory | organ system that provides oxygen to the bloodstream and removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream |
| digestive | organ system that breaks down and absorbs nutrients |
| reproductive | organ system that produces sperm/oocytes and hormones |
| cardiovascular | system that distributes blood cells, water, dissolved materials, and heat and assists in control of body temperature |
| nervous system | system that coordinates or moderates activities of other organ systems |
| integumentary system | system that protects against environmental hazards |
| endocrine | system that adjusts metabolic activity and energy use by the body |
| skeletal | system that provides support and protection for organs and tissues |
| lymphatic | system that defends against infection and disease |
Created by:
ryne.bibbs
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