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HELUS7CH4
Life Science: Chapter 4: Genetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called ___. | heredity |
| ___ ___ is the idea that offspring are a blend of genetic material from both parents. | Blending inheritance |
| Before the work of ___ ___ began the study of modern genetics, people believed that heredity worked by blended inheritance. | Gregor Mendel |
| Gregor Mendel was the first person to record evidence that traits of organisms are determined by factors passed from parents to ___. | offspring |
| ___ is the study of how traits of organisms are passed from parents to offspring. | Genetics |
| Mendel researched genetics by using ___ plants, which are easy to grow and reproducequickly. | pea |
| Mendel ___ fertilization in the pea plants he used in his experiments. | controlled |
| Mendel’s ___ methods were unique and helped him to see patterns of inheritance | experimental |
| Mendel used plants that were ___-___for the traits he studied. | true-breeding |
| He recorded the inheritance of traits for many ___ of pea plants. | generations |
| Mendel used a ___ approach to his research. He used many plants and recordedlarge amounts of numerical ___. | mathematical, data |
| Mendel concluded that two ___ control each inherited trait and that when organismsreproduce, each gamete contributes one factor for each trait. | factors |
| A genetic factor that blocks the expression of another genetic factor is a ___ factor. | dominant |
| A ___ factor is a genetic factor that is not expressed in the presence of a dominant factor | recessive |
| Mendel formed two important hypotheses that allowed him to predict how ___ areinherited. | traits |
| Because his hypotheses have not been proved untrue by any later research, they are now called Mendel’s ___ ___ ___. | laws of inheritance |
| The ___ ___ ___ states that the two factors for each trait separate from each other during meiosis when gametes are formed. | law of segregation |
| Mendel’s ___ ___ ___ ___ says that the factors for one trait separateindependently of how factors for other traits separate, and that the gametes have all possible combinations of traits. | law of independent assortment |
| Though scientists have discovered ___ and how cells reproduce since his time, Mendel’s laws remain true today. | DNA |
| A section of DNA that has information about a specific trait of an organism is called a ___. | gene |
| The information a particular gene contains about a trait can be ___ for differentstrands of DNA. | different |
| Every person has a ___ for eye color, but not every person has the same color eyes. | gene |
| Each form of a gene that carries different information is called an ___. Allele is the modern term for Mendel’s ___. | allele, factors |
| All observable traits of an organism make up the organism’s ___. An organism’sphenotype includes its color, its size, how its organs function, and much more. | phenotype |
| The combination of specific alleles that make up an organism is that organism’s ___. | genotype |
| The term ___ can refer to one gene, to a combination of genes that determines aparticular trait, or even to all the genes of an organism. | genotype |
| If a eukaryotic organism has two alleles of a gene that store the same information, itsgenotype is called ___. | homozygous |
| A eukaryotic organism has a ___ genotype if it has two alleles of a gene that store different information. | heterozygous |
| Mendel’s law of ___ can be explained using our current understanding of DNA andreproduction. | segregation |
| After meiosis I, each set of chromatids that makes up a replicated chromosome separatesinto different gametes during ___ ___. | meiosis II |
| In meiosis, each gamete receives only one ___. | allele |
| Mendel’s law of independent assortment can be explained by the movement of ___during meiosis. | chromosomes |
| In meiosis, each daughter cell receives one chromosome from each parent cell’s pair of___ chromosomes. | homologous |
| Each chromosome separates ___ from all the other chromosomes. | independently |
| When two homologous pairs of chromosomes recombine during reproduction, there arefour possible ___ combinations. | allele |
Created by:
jnosik
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