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Pain Meds
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| "1st mediator in the process of inflammation, causes dilation of the arterioles and increases capillary permeability." | Histamines |
| Increases capillary permeability and the sensation of pain. | Kinins |
| "Increase in vasodilation, capillary permeability, sensitization of nerve cells to pain, fever" | Prostaglandins |
| Cardinal Signs of Inflammation | "Swelling, Redness, Heat, Pain, and Loss of Function" |
| What are the 2 phases of Inflammation | Vascular and Delayed |
| When does Vascular Phase happen | 10-15 minutes after injury |
| What does Vascular Phase look like | "Vasodialation, warmth, fluid, and blood shift, increased permability, swelling; leave plasma and goes to injury" |
| What's the name of the second phase of inflammation | Delayed |
| What happens in the delayed phase | Leucytos infilltrate inflammed tissue and fight off infection |
| What does the delayed phase look like | White |
| Antirheumatic Drugs | "NSAIDS, DMARDS, Corticosteriods, Antigout Drugs" |
| Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Drugs inhibit chemical mediators thus decreasing the _______ process. | Inflammatory |
| "NSAIDs are ______ inhibitors, with varying degrees of analgesic and antipyretic effects." | Prostaglandin |
| Prescribed NSAIDS Examples | Celebrex |
| NSAIDS inhibit which enzymes? | COX 1 and COX 2 |
| "COX 1- Protects the ________ and regulated blood platelets, thus promoting ______." | Stomach Lining; blood clotting |
| COX 2- Triggers ___________ at the injured site. | Pain and Inflammation |
| Aspirin and NSAIDS inhibit or block ____ and ____ | COX 1 and COX 2 |
| "When Cox 1 is blocked, protection to the stomach lining and blood clotting are decreased. This will cause:" | Bleeding and Ulcers |
| "When COX 2 is blocked, ___ is reduced and ____ is supressed." | Pain; Inflammation |
| Aspirin is a ______ inhibitor of COX. | Nonselective |
| Drug interactions for aspirin | "Anticoagulants, oral hypoglcyemics, " |
| lab interactions for aspirin | "lowers cholesterol and potassium, " |
| food interactions for aspirin | "prunes, raisins, licroice, certain spices" |
| Salicylism results from short term high doses or prolonged therapy with high doses. What are some Signs and Symtpoms? | "Tinnitus, Hearing loss, dizzy, confused, hepatoxicity, thrombocytopenai, leukopenai, agranulocytysos, GI upset" |
| Nursing Implications for Aspirin (acetylsalicylic) | "Monitor serum salicylate level (15-30 normal) and observe for signs for bleeding, dark tarry stools, bleeding gums, eccymosis" |
| Patient Teaching for Aspirin (acetylsalicylic) | "Do not take with alcohol, discontinue 3-7 days before surgery, avoid during 3rd trimester of pregnancy, do not give to children with flu or virus symtoms, take with food and not with other NSAIDS" |
| If I need to tell the dentist I am on a high dose of this drug then this is a _____________ for ________ | Patient Teaching for Asprin (acetylsalicylic) |
| Indomethacin Protoype | Indocin |
| Indocin causes: | Soidium and Water Retention and therfore will increase BP |
| Indon Indications | "Rheumatoid, Gouty, and Osteoarthritis" |
| Propionic Acid Protoype | Ibuprofen |
| Drug Interactions for Ibuprofen | "Warfarin, insulin and Oral hypoglycemics" |
| Side Effects of Ibuprofen | "GI upset, cardiac dysrhythmias" |
| First injectable NSAID | Ketrolac |
| Ketrolac Trade Name | Toradol |
| Action of Ketrolac | Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis. Used for short term pain management |
| Equal or superior analgesic for post surgical pain | Ketrolac |
| Inform the patient with dysmnenorrhea to take _____ instead of ______ 2 days before and during the first 2 days of menstrual period. | Acteaminophen; aspirin |
| Celecoxib prototype | Celebrex |
| "Celebrex inhibits COX ___, which promotes prostaglandin synthesis and inflammatory response." | COX 2 |
| Celebrex is used to treat: | "Osteoarthritis, RA, and Dysmnennorrhea" |
| Drug interactions for Celebrex | Decreases the effect of ACE inhibitorsIncreased INR and GI bleeding with Warfarin |
| Immunomodulators are used for moderate to severe _______ | RA |
| Antimalarials are used for | RA |
| Control inflammation by supressing or preventing the inflammatory process at the injured site | Corticosteriods |
| "When discontinuing a corticosteriod, the dosage should be tapered over a period of _______." | 5-10 days |
| Uric acid is the major end product of _______ __________ and is excreted by the kidneys. | Purine Catabolism |
| Allopurinal trade name | Zyloprim |
| Allopurinal (Zyloprim) is an ________ inhbitor. | Uric Acid |
| Allopurinal (Zyloprim) is used to treat | Gout |
| Allopurinal (Zyloprim) is used as a ______ to treat gout. | Prophylactic |
| Patients with an overproduction uric acid should avoid: | "Alcohol, Caffeine, and Thiazide diuretics that increase uric acid levels" |
| Drug Interactions for Allopurinal (Zyloprim) | "Increase the effect of Warfarin, ACE inhibitors, decrease effect with antacids" |
| Used for acute gout | Colchcine |
| Used for chronic gout | Uricosurics |
| Nurings Implications Antigout | "Determine a medical history, assess the serum uric acid value, Record the urine output. Blood should be monitored, increase fluid intake, yearly eye exam, take meds at mealtime, no vit c--- may cause kidney stones." |
Created by:
sparker77
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