Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
A & P 1
Intro to A& P
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | study of form and structure of the body and parts |
| Physiology | study of functions of the body and its parts |
| Macroscopic Anatomy | the study of body parts large enough to be seen without magnification |
| Regional Anatomy | A method of studying anatomy that examines all the component structures that make up each region of the body (i.e. abdominal anatomy) |
| Systematic Anatomy | A method of studying anatomy that examines each system of the body as a separate topic (i.e. skeletal system) |
| Plane of Reference | Any of four basic imaginary slices through an animal body oriented at right angles to each other (sagittal, median, transverse, dorsal) |
| Sagittal Plane | Anatomic reference plane; runs lengthwise, dividing the body into left and right parts that are not necessarily equal halves |
| Transverse Plane | Anatomic reference plane across the body that divides it into cranial and caudal parts that are not necessarily equal |
| Dorsal Plane | Anatomic reference plane that divides the body into dorsal and ventral parts that are not necessarily equal |
| Medial Plane | Anatomic reference plane, a sagittal plane that runs down the center of the boy and divides it into equal left and right halves (also called midsagittal plane) |
| Cranial | Toward the head |
| Caudal | Toward the tail |
| Xiphoid Process | Caudal end of the sternum |
| Rostral | Toward the tip of the nose |
| Dorsal | Toward the animal's back |
| Ventral | Toward the animal's belly |
| Medial | Toward the median plane of animal's body |
| Lateral | Away from the median plane of animal's body |
| Deep | Toward the center of the body or body part |
| Superficial | Toward the surface of the body or body part |
| Proximal | Toward the body |
| Distal | Away from the body |
| Carpus | Joint composed of the carpal bones (knee of a horse, wrist of a human) |
| Tarsus | Joint composed of the tarsal bones (hock in animals, ankle in humans) |
| Palmar | Caudal surface of the forelimb from the carpus distally |
| Plantar | Caudal surface of the hind limb from the tarsus distally |
| Barrel | Trunk of the body formed by rib cage and abdomen |
| Brisket | Area at the base of the neck between the front legs that covers the cranial end of the sternum |
| Cannon | Large metacarpal or metatarsal bone of hoofed animals |
| Fetlock | Joint between cannon bone (lg. metacarpal/ metatarsal) and the proximal phalanx of hoofed animals |
| Hock | Tarsus |
| Knee | Carpus of hoofed animals |
| Muzzle | Rostral part of the face formed mainly by the maxillary and nasal bones |
| Pastern | Area of the proximal phalanx of hoofed animals |
| Poll | Top of the head between the bases of the ears |
| Stifle | Femorotibial/ femorapatellar joint - equivalent to the human knee |
| Tailhead | Dorsal part of the base of the tail |
| Withers | Area dorsal to scapulas |
| Bilateral Symmetry | Left and right halves of an animal's body are mirror images of each other |
| Orad | Movement within the gastrointestinal system in the direction of the mouth |
| Aborad | Movement within the gastrointestinal system in the direction away from the mouth |
| Symmetry | Balance in distribution of body parts |
| Gastrointestinal Tract | The part of the digestive tube composed of the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine |
| Dorsal Body Cavity | Contains CNS (brain and spinal cord); divided into cranial and spinal cavities |
| Cranial Cavity | Formed from the bones of the skull and contains the brain |
| Spinal Cavity | Formed from the vertebra and contains the spinal cord |
| Ventral Body Cavity | Large space in the body that is divided by the thin, sheetlike diaphragm muscle into the cranial thoracic cavity and caudal abdominal cavity |
| Thorax | Cranial thoracic cavity (chest) |
| Abdomen | Caudal abdominal cavity (Belly) |
| Viscera | The soft internal organs enclosed within a body cavity such as lungs kidneys and intestines |
| Visceral Layer | Layer of the pleura or peritoneum that lies directly on the surface of organs in the thorax or abdomen |
| Pleura | Thin layer covering the organs of the thoracic cavity |
| Parietal Layer | Layer of the pleura that lines the whole thoracic cavity |
| Pleurisy | Inflammation of the pleural surfaces between the visceral and parietal layers of pleura that causes the surfaces to become thick and rough |
| Peritoneum | Thin membrane lining the abdomen and covering its contents |
| Peritonitis | inflammation of the peritoneum, the potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the peritoneum |
| Cells | Basic functional units of animal life |
| Tissues | Group of cells that are similar in structure and perform the same function |
| Epithelial Tissue | Collection of tissues that are made up of layers of cells that line and cover body surfaces |
| Connective Tissue | Tissue made up of cells and extracellular substances that connect and support cells and other tissues |
| Adipose Connective Tissue | Fat tissue, vascularized tissue whose general functions are to protect, insulate, and provide energy to the body |
| Muscle Tissue | Tissue that supports the body and enables it to move, thermoregulate, and transport materials |
| Skeletal Muscle | Multinucleated, striated , voluntary muscle that allows conscious movement of an animal |
| Cardiac Muscle | Striated involuntary muscle found only in the heart |
| Smooth Muscle | Non-striated involuntary muscle having only one nucleus per cell |
| Nervous Tissue | Collection of tissues that collect, process, and convey information |
| Organs | Group of tissues that work together for common purposes |
| Systems | Groups of organs that are involved in a common set of activities |
| Digestive System | Concerned with obtaining, digesting, and absorbing nutrients that fuel the rest of the body |
| Health | A state of normal anatomy and physiology |
| Homeostasis | Maintenance of equilibrium in the body |
| Equilibrium | Balance |
| Congestive Heart Failure | Heart is not pumping adequate amounts of blood |
| Diaphragm | Muscle that separates the abdominal cavity from the chest cavity |
| Taxonomy | Systematic classification and naming of organisms |
| Order Carnivora | Meat eaters |
| Order Artiodactyla | Even-toed hoofed mammals like pigs, cows, sheep, and goats |
| Order Perissodactyla | Odd-toed hoofed mammals, like horses |
| Order Rodentia | Rats, mice, hamsters, and squirrels |
| Order Lagomorpha | Rabbits and hares |
| Species | Group of individuals that can interbreed |
| Canis familiaris | Dog |
| Felis domesticus | Cat |
| Equus caballus | Horse |
| Myocyte | Muscle cells |
| Enterocyte | Intestinal cell |
| Histology | Branch of anatomy that deals with the microscopic structure and composition of tissues |
| Histopathology | Study of healthy and diseased tissues |
| Fight-or-flight System | Part of the sympathetic nervous system that helps prepare the body for intense physical activity |
| Anterior | Toward or to the head (cranial) |
| Posterior | Toward or pertaining to the tail rear (caudal) |
| Superior | Toward the top of a vertical plane |
| Inferior | Toward the bottom of a vertical plane |
Created by:
Beluga974
Popular Science sets