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Earth Science Unit 2

Unit Earth's Processes: Rocks

TermDefinition
2.9 absolute dating identifying the exact age of a layer of rock
2.1 accretion increase by external addition or accumulation (as by adhesion of external parts or particles)
2.1 asthenosphere a zone of a celestial body (such as Earth), which lies beneath the lithosphere and within which the material is believed to yield readily to persistent stresses
2.5 cementation bonding of small rocks into larger ones
2.7 cleavage The tendency of a mineral to consistently break in a geometric pattern
2.5 compaction changing of sediment to a less porous form
2.1 core the central part of a celestial body (such as Earth or the sun) usually having different physical properties from the surrounding parts
2.1 crust the outer part of a planet, moon, or asteroid composed essentially of crystalline rocks
2.7 fracture the tendency of a mineral to break along a curved surface without a definite shape
2.7 hardness the ability of a mineral to scratch another mineral or object
2.1 lithosphere the solid part of a celestial body (such as Earth); specifically the outer part of the solid earth composed of rock essentially like that exposed at the surface, consisting of the crust and outermost layer of the mantle,
2.7 luster the way that a mineral interacts with light
2.5 magma molten rock beneath Earth's surface
2.1 mantle the part of the interior of a terrestrial planet and especially Earth that lies beneath the crust and above the central core
2.1 mesosphere a zone of a celestial body (such as Earth), which lies beneath the asthenosphere and above the core
2.7 mineral a component of rocks which is made of one element or one compound
2.9 relative dating identifying the age of a layer of rock compared to the age of other layers
2.5 sediment bits of rock or other solid particles
2.7 streak a mark made on a porcelain plate to determine a mineral's color
2.5 tectonic plate one of a group of large slabs of rock that make up Earth's outer layer
2.5 thermal convection heat transfer by the motion of a fluid
Created by: Mandelland
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