click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biology Chapter 1
Biology by Sylvia S. Mader
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is Biology | The scientific study of life. |
All living things share...? | The same basic characteristics. |
Cell | The basic unit of structure and function of all living things. Formed by molecules joining together. |
Emergent Properties | A property which a collection or complex system has, but which the individual members do not have. Ever changing. |
Living things are... | Organized. |
Biosphere | The zone of air, land, and water where organisms exist. |
Ecosystem | A community plus it's physical environment. |
Community | A collection of interacting populations within the same environment. |
Population | All the members of a species within and area. |
Species | A group of similar, interbreeding organisms. |
Organism | Formed when organ systems are joined together. |
Organ Systems | Formed by organs working together. |
Organs | Made up of tissues. |
Tissues | Formed by cells combining together. |
Molecules | Formed by atoms combining together. |
Atoms | The organization of life begins with atoms. |
Life requires...? | Materials and energy. |
Energy | The capacity to do work. |
Metabolism | All the chemical reactions that occur in a cell. |
What is the ultimate source of energy? | The sun. |
Photosynthesis | As process that converts solar energy into the chemical energy of carbohydrates. |
What is a plant's metabolism? | Photosynthesis |
What flows from the sun? | Energy |
How are chemicals returned to living plants? | As a result of death and decomposition. |
Ecosystems are characterized by what? | Chemical cycling and energy flow. |
What cycles from the earth? (decomposers) | Chemicals |
Homeostasis | The maintenance of internal conditions within certain boundaries. |
What do living things maintain? | Homeostasis |
Stimuli | When living things interact with the environment and respond to changes in the environment. |
What reproduces and developes? | Living things |
What are genes composed of? | DNA |
When organisms reproduce, what do they pass on to the next generation? | Genes |
Adaptaion | Any modification that makes an organism better able to function in a particular environment. |
Evolution | The change in a population of organisms over time to become more suited to the environment. |
What explains the diversity and unity of life? | The theory of evolution |
What is the evolutionary mechanism proposed by Charles Darwin? | Natural selection |
What fuels natural selection? | Mutations |
Taxonomy | The discipline of biology that identifies, names, and classifies organisms according to certain rules. |
Systematics | The study of evolutionary relationships between organisms. |
List the classification categories from least inclusive to most inclusive. | Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, and domain |
Domain Archaea | Contains unicellular prokaryotes that live in extreme environments probably similar to the primitive earth. |
Prokaryotes lack what? | A membrane-bound nucleus. |
Domain Bacteria | Contains unicellular and multicellular prokaryotes that live in all environments. |
Domain Eukarya | Contains unicellular and mulicellular eukaryotes. |
Eukaryotes contain what? | A membrane-bound nucleus. |