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BIOLOGY GLOSSARY 1
glossary terms chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | the quality or state of being correct |
| Aim | a statement describing in detail what will be investigated |
| Bar graph | a graph that shows the value of the dependant variable by the length of the horizontal bar; the categories are labelled up the y-axis |
| Column graph | a graph that shows the value of the dependant variable by the height of the column; the categories are labelled across the x-axis |
| Continuous variable | a variable that can have any number value within a given range |
| Control group | the experimental conditions of the control group are identical to those of the experimental group, except that the variable of interest (IV) is kept constant |
| Controlled variable | the variables that are kept constant during the investigation |
| Dependant variable | a variable that must change in response to a change in the IV, and is measured or observed |
| Discrete variable | seperate or distinct values that can be counted |
| Error | the difference between the true value and the measured value |
| Experimental group | controlled (fixed) variables are kept constant, a single experimental (IV) variable is changed and the dependant variable is measured to determine the effect of the change |
| Exponential relationship | variables that are exponentially proportional to each other will produce a curved trend line when graphed |
| First-hand data | the measurements or observations that you collect during your investigation |
| Hypothesis | a possible explanation to a research question that can be used to make predictions that can often be tested experimentally |
| Independent variable | the variable that is altered during an experiment to test its effects on another variable. Also called the experimental variable |
| Inference | something that is inferred |
| Inverse relationship | a mathematical relationship in which one variable increases as the other increases |
| Line graph | a type of graph that is useful for representing continuous quantitative data |
| Linear relationship | a mathematical relationship in which variables are directly proportional to each other and produce a straight trend line when graphed |
| Mean | the average value of a set of values, calculated by dividing the sum of the values by a number of values |
| Median | the value in the middle of an ordered list of values |
| Meniscus | the curved upper surface of liquid in a tube, caused by surface tension. A meniscus can be concave, or convex |
| Mode | the value that appears most often in a data set |
| Nominal variable | a categorical variable in which there is inherent order; they can be counted or ordered |
| Observation | closely monitoring something or someone |
| Ordinal variable | a categorical variable in which there is an inherent order; they can be counted or ordered |
| Outlier | a value that lies outside the main group of data of which it is apart |
| Peer-reviewed | other scientists have checked the information and have agreed that it is appropriate for publication |
| Pie chart | a circular diagram divided into sections, with each section representing the value of one set of data as a proportion of the total data set, useful for presenting qualitative and categorical data |
| Precision | the ability to consistently obtain the same value |
| Primary source | a source that includes first-hand information, such as the results of an original experiment |
| Principle | more specific then a theory |
| Processed data | data that has been mathematically manipulated in some way |
| Qualitative data | data collected about categorical values |
| Quantitative data | data collected about numerical values |
| Random selection | a form of sampling in which subjects are randomly selected to participate in a study |
| Range | the difference between the highest and lowest values |
| Reliability | the ability to consistently reproduce results |
| Repeat trials | collecting multiple data sets by performing an experiment again after the initial test |
| Replication | experimentation carried out on duplicate sets at the same time |
| Research questions | a statement that defines what is being investigated |
| Risk assessment | a systematic way of identifying the potential risks associated with an activity |
| Safety data sheet | a document that contains important information about the possible hazards in using a substance and how the substance should be handled and stored |
| Scatterplot | a graph in which two variables are plotted as points. Used when looking to see if there is a correlation or relationship between two quantitative variables |
| Scientific method | the experimental approach to the study of science that involves formulating a hypothesis, designing and performing an experiment to test the hypothesis, and analysing whether the results support or refute the hypothesis |
| Secondary source | a resource that interprets primary documents, written after the event by a person who was not a witness to the event |
| Second-hand data | data you have not collected yourself |
| Theory | when, after many experiments, a hypothesis has been supported by all the results so far, it is referred to as a theory or principle |
| Uncertainty | the range of values within which the true value of a measured quality probably occurs. Is caused by random and systematic errors |
| Valid | how strong your results are |
| Variable | a factor or condition that can change during your experiment |
Created by:
emmawalton05
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