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Organic Compounds
Biology 9th grade
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are macromolecules also known as | Polymers |
| If all the macromolecules are made mainly of the elements CHO, how are they different? | They have different ratios |
| Name two ways that your body uses carbohydrates. | Energy and structure support |
| What are the subunits called that make up carbohydrates? | Monosaccharides |
| What is the ratio of C, H, and O in monosaccharides? | 1:2:1 |
| Name three monosaccarides. | Glucose, fructose and galactose |
| What are monosaccharides? | Simple, single sugars |
| What are disaccharides and give an example | Double sugars. Maltose and sucrose |
| What are polysaccharides?, Name three | Long chains of sugars. Starch, cellulose, glycogen, chitin |
| What are the four main classes of organic compounds? | Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids |
| What are polymers or macromolecules? | Organic compounds that are essential to the proper functioning of all living things |
| What are organic compounds? | Compounds that contain carbon. |
| Why does carbon's structure allow it to be such a great building block? | It's structure allows it to make four covalent bonds with other molecules. |
| What is the type of reaction in which monomers join to make polymers called? | Dehydration synthesis |
| What is the type of reaction in which polymers are broken apart into monomers called? | Hydrolysis |
| What elements carbohydrates made of? | carbon, hydrogen and oxygen Atoms |
| What test is used to identify a monosaccharide and what is the result? | Benedicts test. Liquid changes from blue to orange when heated. |
| What test is used to identify a disaccharide and what is the result? | Process of elimination. If the tests are negative for monosaccharides AND polyccharides, then it is a disaccharide. |
| What test is used to identify a polysaccharide and what is the result? | Iodine test. The iodine will change from yellow/brown to purple/black. |
| What elements are lipids made of? | carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms |
| What elements are nucleic acids made of? | carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and phosphorus atoms |
| What elements are proteins made of? | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen atoms. |
| What is an example of a polysccharide? | Pasta and bread |
| What is an example of a disaccharide? | table sugar |
| What is an example of a monosaccharide? | fructose |
| What is the monomer of a carbohydrate? | A simple sugar called a monosaccharide. |
| What are the monomers of lipids? | Fatty acids and glycerol. |
| Name some examples of lipids. | Fats, oils, waxes and steroids |
| What is the function of lipids? | Storing energy(oils and fats), protective coverings(wax) |
| Are lipids soluble in water? | No |
| What two tests can be used to determine the presence of lipids? | Translucence test and solubility test |
| Describe the translucence test on lipids. | If a lipid is present, a paper touching a the lipid will turn translucent. |
| Descibe the solubility test on lipids. | Lipids are hydrophobic so if a substance doesn't mix with water, a lipid is present. |
| Define Hydrophobic. | Does not mix with water |
Created by:
Suzqrichardson